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COCKPIT PREPARATION
The following systems may be affected in very cold weather:
• EFIS/ECAM (when the cockpit temperature is very low)
• IRS alignment (may take longer than usual, up to 15 min)
The probe and window heating may be used on ground. Heating automatically operates at low
power.
A330/A340 FLIGHT CREW TRAINING MANUAL
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
ADVERSE WEATHER
A330/A340 FLEET SI-010 P 2/16
FCTM 17 JUN 09
AIRCRAFT DEICING/ANTI-ICING ON GROUND
DEICING/ANTI-ICING FLUID
Deicing/anti-icing fluids must be able to remove ice and to prevent its accumulation on aircraft
surfaces until the beginning of the takeoff. In addition, the fluids must flow off the surfaces of the
aircraft during takeoff, in order not to degrade takeoff performance.
Several types of fluids can be used. These fluids have different characteristics:
type 1 type 2, 3, 4
Low viscosity High viscosity
Limited holdover time Longer holdover time
Used mainly for deicing Used for deicing and anti-icing
The holdover time starts from the beginning of the application of the fluid, and depends on
the type of fluid, and on the nature and severity of precipitation. The flight crew should refer to
applicable tables as guidelines. These tables must be used in conjunction with the pre-takeoff
check.
Depending upon the severity of the weather, the deicing/anti-icing procedure must be applied
either:
• In one step, via the single application of heated and diluted deicing/anti-icing fluid: This
procedure provides a short holdover time, and should be used in low moisture conditions
only. The holdover time starts from the beginning of the application of the fluid.
• In two steps, by first applying the heated deicing fluid, then by applying a protective anti-icing
fluid: These two sprays must be applied consecutively. The holdover time starts from the
beginning of the application of the second fluid.
PROCEDURES
The following outlines the various procedures to be applied before and after spraying:
• All ENG and APU BLEED pushbuttons must be set to OFF and the DITCHING pushbutton
must be set to ON, to prevent any engine ingestion of deicing/anti-icing fluid.
• The aircraft can be deiced/anti-iced, with the engine and/or the APU running or off. However,
the APU or the engine should not be started during spraying.
• The aircraft must be deiced/anti-iced symmetrically on both sides.
• After spraying, keep bleeds off for a few minutes, and perform a visual inspection of the
aircraft surfaces.
• A deicing/anti-icing report must be filled out to indicate the type of fluid and when the spraying
began.
A330/A340 FLIGHT CREW TRAINING MANUAL
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
ADVERSE WEATHER
A330/A340 FLEET SI-010 P 3/16
FCTM 17 JUN 09
AFTER START
• Keep the engine bleeds off, with the engines running at higher N1.
• Keep the APU running with the bleed off for a few minutes after spraying.
• The slats/flaps and flight controls can be moved, because they no longer have ice.
TAXI-OUT
On contaminated runways, the taxi speed should be limited to 10 kt, and any action that could
distract the flight crew during taxiing should be delayed until the aircraft is stopped.
The following factors should be taken into account:
• At speeds below 10 kt: Anti-skid deactivates.
• Engine anti-ice will increase ground idle thrust.
• To minimize the risk of skidding during turns: Avoid large tiller inputs.
• On slippery taxiways: It may be more effective to use differential braking and/or thrust, instead
of nosewheel steering.
• On slush-covered, or snow-covered, taxiways: Flap selection should be delayed until reaching
the holding point, in order to avoid contaminating the flap/slat actuation mechanism.
• When reaching the holding point: The "Before Takeoff down to the line" checklist must be
performed.
• The flight crew must maintain the aircraft at an appropriate distance from the aircraft in front.
• In icing conditions: When holding on ground for extended periods of time, or if engine vibration
occurs, thrust should be increased periodically, and immediately before takeoff, to shed any ice
from the fan blades.
For more details about this procedure, Refer to FCOM/PRO-NOR-SOP-09-A AFTER START -
ENG ANTI-ICE.
TAKEOFF
TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE
When taking off from contaminated runways, it is not permitted to use FLEX thrust. However,
derated thrust may be used, as required, in order to optimize aircraft performance. When
available, a derated takeoff thrust results in lower minimum control speeds and, therefore,
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A330/A340机组训练手册FLIGHT CREW TRAINING MANUAL(98)
