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If both pilots act on the tiller or pedals, their inputs are added until the maximum value of the
steering angle (programmed within the BSCU) is reached.
When the seating position is correct, the cut-off angle is 20 °, and the visual ground geometry
provides an obscured segment of 53 ft (16.15 m). During taxi, a turn must be initiated before an
obstacle approaches the obscured segment. This provides both wing and tail clearance, with
symmetric thrust and no differential braking.
Asymmetric thrust can be used to initiate a tight turn and to keep the aircraft moving during the
turn. If nosewheel lateral skidding occurs while turning, reduce taxi speed or increase turn radius.
Avoid stopping the aircraft in a turn, because excessive thrust will be required to start the aircraft
moving again.
The flight crew should be aware that the main gear on the inside of a turn will always cut the
corner and track inside of the nosewheel track. For this reason, over-steer must be used.
A330/A340 FLIGHT CREW TRAINING MANUAL
NORMAL OPERATIONS
TAXI
A330/A340 FLEET NO-040 P 3/10
FCTM 17 JUN 09
Oversteering technique
When exiting a tight turn, the PF should anticipate the steer out. Additionally, the PF should allow
the aircraft to roll forward for a short distance to minimize the stress on the main gears.
In the event that one or more tires is/are deflated on the main landing gear, the maximum
permitted steering angle will be limited by the aircraft speed. Therefore, with one tire deflated, the
aircraft speed is limited to 7 kt and nosewheel steering can be used. With two tires deflated, the
aircraft speed is limited to 3 kt and nosewheel steering angle should be limited to 30 °.
For turns of 90 ° or more, the aircraft speed should be less than 10 kt.
180 ° TURN
For turn of 180°, the following procedure is recommended for making a turn in the most efficient
way.
For the CM1
• Taxi on the right-hand side of the runway, and turn left to establish a 20 ° divergence from the
runway axis (using the ND or the PFD). The maximum ground speed is 10 kt.
• When CM1 assesses to be physically over the runway edge, smoothly initiate a full deflection
turn to the right
• Asymmetric thrust will be used during the turn. Anticipation is required to ensure that
asymmetric thrust is established before the turn is commenced [50 % N1 or 1.05 EPR], to
maintain a continuous speed of approximately 8 kt throughout the maneuver.
• It is essential to keep minimum ground speed during the turn in order not to need to increase
the thrust too significantly so as not to get stuck. It is a good practice that the CM2 calls the GS
from ND while in turn
A330/A340 FLIGHT CREW TRAINING MANUAL
NORMAL OPERATIONS
TAXI
A330/A340 FLEET NO-040 P 4/10
FCTM 17 JUN 09
• Differential braking is not recommended, to prevent stress on the landing gear assembly. In
addition, a braked pivot-turn is NOT permitted (i.e. braking to fully stop the wheels on one main
gear).
• On wet or contaminated runway, more specifically when turning on the runway white or
yellow painted marking, tight turn lead to jerky rides of the nose wheel which are noisy and
uncomfortable.
For the CM2, the procedure is symmetrical (taxi on the left hand side of the runway).
Aircraft dimensions
BRAKE CHECK
Applicable to: ALL
When cleared to taxi, the PF should set the Parking Brake to "OFF". When the aircraft starts to
move, the PF should check the efficiency of the normal braking system by gently pressing the brake
pedals, to ensure that the aircraft slows down. The PNF should also check the triple brake indicator
to ensure that brake pressure drops to zero. This indicates a successful changeover to the normal
braking system.
CARBON BRAKE WEAR
Applicable to: ALL
Carbon brake wear depends on the number of brake applications and on brake temperature. It
does not depend on the applied pressure, or the duration of the braking. The temperature at which
maximum brake wear occurs depends on the brake manufacturer. Therefore, the only way the pilot
can minimize brake wear is to reduce the number of brake applications.
A330/A340 FLIGHT CREW TRAINING MANUAL
NORMAL OPERATIONS
TAXI
A330/A340 FLEET NO-040 P 5/10
FCTM 17 JUN 09
TAXI SPEED AND BRAKING
Applicable to: ALL
On long, straight taxiways, and with no ATC or other ground traffic constraints, the PF should allow
the aircraft to accelerate to 30 kt, and should then use one smooth brake application to decelerate to
10 kt. The PF should not "ride" the brakes. The GS indication on the ND should be used to assess
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A330/A340机组训练手册FLIGHT CREW TRAINING MANUAL(32)
