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lower than intended, the visual segment is further reduced by the cut-off angle of the glareshield
or nose. As a rule of thumb, an incorrect seating position which reduces the cut-off angle by 1°
reduces the visual segment by approximately 10 m (30 ft).
USE OF LANDING LIGHTS
The use of landing lights at night in low visibility can be detrimental to the acquisition of visual
reference. Reflected lights from water droplets or snow may actually reduce visibility. The landing
lights would, therefore, not normally be used in CAT II/III weather conditions.
APPROACH STRATEGY
Irrespective of the actual weather conditions, the crew should plan the approach using the best
approach capability. This would normally be CAT 3 DUAL with autoland, depending upon aircraft
status. The crew should then assess the weather with respect to possible downgrade capability.
Conditions CATI CATII CATIII
WITH DH NO DH
Flying technique Manual flying or
AP/FD, A/THR
AP/FD, A/THR
down to DH
AP/FD/ATHR and Autoland
To be continued on next page
A330/A340 FLIGHT CREW TRAINING MANUAL
NORMAL OPERATIONS
PRECISION APPROACH
A330/A340 FLEET NO-150 P 4/8
FCTM 17 JUN 09
Continued from previous page
Minima & weather DA (DH) Baro ref Visibility DH with RA
RVR
Autoland Possible with precautions Recommended Mandatory
1GO AROUND STRATEGY
The crew must be ready mentally for go-around at any stage of the approach. Should a failure
occur above 1 000 ft RA, all ECAM actions (and DH amendment if required) should be completed
before reaching 1 000 ft RA, otherwise a go-around should be initiated. This ensures proper task
sharing for the remainder of the approach. Furthermore, refer to FCOM 4.05.70 for failures and
associated actions below 1 000 ft RA that should lead to a go-around.
APPROACH BRIEFING
Before commencing a CAT II/III approach a number of factors must be considered by the crew.
In addition to the standard approach briefing, the following points should be emphasised during an
approach briefing for a low visibility approach:
• Aircraft capability
• Airport facilities
• Crew qualification
• Weather minima
• Task sharing
• Call-outs
• Go-around strategy
APPROACH PROCEDURE
Applicable to: ALL
TASK SHARING
The workload is distributed in such a way that the PF primary tasks are supervising and decision
making and the PNF primary task is monitoring the operation of the automatic system.
The PF supervises the approach (trajectory, attitude, speed) and takes appropriate decision in
case of failure and at DH.
Since the approach is flown with AP/FD/A/THR, the PF must be continuously ready to take-over:
• If any AP hard over is experienced
• If a major failure occurs.
• If any doubt arises
The PF announces "LAND", when displayed on FMA.
A330/A340 FLIGHT CREW TRAINING MANUAL
NORMAL OPERATIONS
PRECISION APPROACH
A330/A340 FLEET NO-150 P 5/8
FCTM 17 JUN 09
The PNF is head down throughout the approach and landing. The PNF monitors:
• The FMA and calls mode change as required (except "LAND")
• The Auto call out
• The aircraft trajectory or attitude exceedance
• Any failures
The PNF should be go-around minded.
SOME SYSTEM PARTICULARS
• Below 700 ft RA, data coming from the FMS is frozen e.g. ILS tune inhibit.
• Below 400 ft RA, the FCU is frozen.
• At 350 ft, LAND must be displayed on FMA. This ensures correct final approach guidance.
• Below 200 ft, the AUTOLAND red light illuminates if
‐ Both APs trip off
‐ Excessive beam deviation is sensed
‐ Localizer or glide slope transmitter or receiver fails
‐ A RA discrepancy of at least 15 ft is sensed.
• Flare comes at or below 40 ft
• THR IDLE comes at or below 30 ft
• RETARD auto call out comes at 10 ft for autoland as an order. (Instead of 20 ft for manual
landing as an indication)
VISUAL REFERENCE
Approaching the DH, the PF starts to look for visual references, progressively increasing external
scanning. It should be stressed that the DH is the lower limit of the decision zone. The captain
should come to this zone prepared for a go-around but with no pre-established judgement.
A330/A340 FLIGHT CREW TRAINING MANUAL
NORMAL OPERATIONS
PRECISION APPROACH
A330/A340 FLEET NO-150 P 6/8
FCTM 17 JUN 09
Required conditions to continue
• With DH
In CATII operations, the conditions required at DH to continue the approach are that the visual
references should be appropriate to monitor the continued approach and landing and that the
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A330/A340机组训练手册FLIGHT CREW TRAINING MANUAL(59)
