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to Didier, “You are sometimes asked
to show two pieces of ID, which
means that society has doubts about
the integrity of these documents.”
These “proofs” of identity clearly have
limits, because they can be falsified.
Furthermore, more and more
transactions are taking place online,
without buyer and seller ever meeting
each other. Biometrics may well be
the only possible link between the
real and virtual worlds, to guarantee
identities and carry out operations in
total security.
From official documents
to personal accessories
The first use of biometrics in the
modern world can be traced to the
police. All major police forces around
the world now
deploy systems
capable of entering,
storing,
retrieving and
comparing millions
of fingerprints,
and doing
so very quickly.
However, the
fastest growing
market today
is for civilian
applications: ID
cards, passports, voter cards, social
security cards, etc. Sagem Sécurité is
the global leader in this growth sector,
having delivered over 100 million
biometric ID certificates worldwide.
Biometrics is used in all of these
cases to protect against fraud and
abuse. In elections, for instance, biometric
voter cards keep people from
voting more than once. “In Gabon,
the opposition asked the president
to set up a biometric electoral system
to prevent fraud,” explains Philippe
Larcher, director of programs and
products at Sagem Sécurité. The
Democratic Republic of the Congo
is one of the latest countries to use
biometrics for voter identification,
calling on European funding and a
partnership with the UN.
Another civilian application is
physical access control. For example,
airports, nuclear plants and ports are
Special report
context. How do you guarantee personal
identification in an increasingly
electronic world? Biometrics has
emerged as one of the most reliable
solutions to address this very thorny
problem.
Biometrics
from head
to foot
very sensitive sites that are now fitted
with effective ID systems. Biometrics
may also be used in consumeroriented
applications where the stakes
are not quite so high, namely logical
access control. For instance, a PDA
or mobile phone may use biometric
validation instead of the traditional
PIN.
Many other applications also call
on biometrics, from driver licenses
and payment terminals to border controls.
Biometric technologies have
proved to be very useful in protecting
citizens and safeguarding democracy,
although at the same time they have
been criticized for restricting individual
liberty (see the interview with
Anne Carblanc above). Biometrics
is quickly becoming indispensable in
today’s world, which is why its use must
be carefully controlled. “Our position
at Sagem Sécurité is to explain and
deliver the technical capabilities, so
that governments can make the right
choice,” concludes Bernard Didier. ■
D. baudier
safran magazine November 2007 _ safran magazine _ November 2007
Vie wpoint
Anne Carblanc*,
Principal Administrator at the OECD
Why is an
organization like the
OEC D interested in
biometrics?
Biometrics is
enjoying fast-paced
growth. But while
its main purpose is
to enhance citizens’
security, if used
dishonestly it may
also entail certain
risks in relation to the
protection of people’s
lives and personal
data.
What specific risks
are you referring to?
Biometric data is not
like other data:
it doesn’t stop “living”
once the data is
collected. The data is
processed, stored and
possibly transmitted
over networks and
shared. So there is
a risk that biometric
data collected for one
purpose may be used
for another, or even
compromised. But if
there’s a problem, it’s
not like replacing an
ID card: we can’t get
a replacement eye or
finger!
What mechanisms
are generally applied
to prevent this type
of misuse?
The main protection
is legal. There are a
number of national
or European laws to
protect our personal
data. One of the major
principles applied
is transparency.
You can’t collect
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