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the shoulder.
[RP] A14 P3.2.5
A rwy shoulder should be prepared or constructed so as to
minimise any hazard to an aeroplane running off the rwy.
ADM Pt1 P5.2.2
In some cases, the bearing strength of the natural ground may be
sufficient, without special preparation, to meet the requirements for
shoulders.
ADM Pt1 P5.2.3
Attention should also be paid when designing shoulders to prevent
the ingestion of stones or other objects by turbine engines.
ADM Pt1 P5.2.4
In case of special preparation, visual contrast between rwy and rwy
shoulders may be needed. ADM Pt1 P5.2.5
ICAO
Justification
Material
- Planning to accommodate future
aircraft developments
ADM Pt1 P6
- Impossible to confirm existence of
the “1981 study”
- NASA Ames study on 747 RTO not
conclusive
No specific justification material available on rwy shoulders to
AACG
AACG
Agreement
A minimum central 45m of pavement
of full load bearing strength shall be
provided. *
- Compliance with the minimum 75m ICAO Code F runway +
shoulders width
- Minimum of 2x15m wide shoulders on existing 45m wide rwys: *
. At least 2x7.5m wide “inner” portion of rwy shoulders
(definitions according to ICAO documents – see above)
. Additional “outer” portion of rwy shoulders prepared for jet
blast protection, engine ingestion protection, and for
supporting ground vehicles.
- Minimum of 2x7.5m wide “outer” portion of rwy shoulders on
existing 60m wide rwys
- Depending on local conditions, decision on the composition and
thickness of rwy shoulders by each national authority and/or
airport operator.
- If relevant to local conditions, snow removal and ice control as
recommended by ICAO (Doc 9137-AN/898)
AACG
Justification
Material
- A380 Certification on 45m wide rwy
- A380 Engines position
- A380 Jet blast velocity & temperature contours at take-off thrust
* See §I.3.b)
9
III.3. Taxiways
Item
Width of straight taxiway
Width of curved taxiway
Straight and curved taxiway
shoulders
ICAO SARPs and
ADM
Unless otherwise indicated, the
requirements are applicable to
all types of twys.
A14 P3.8 Note
Minimum clearance between
outer main wheel and twy edge:
4.5m for both E and F.
[RP] A14 P 3.8.3
Width of a straight portion:
- 23m where code letter is E
- 25m where code letter is F
[RP] A14 P 3.8.4
Curves to ensure that when
cockpit over twy centre-line,
outer main wheel edge
maintains 4.5m clearance
from twy edge.
[RP] A14 P3.8.5
ADM Pt2 p1.2.9 and ADM Pt2
p1.2.22 + tables
1-1 and 1-3
Overall width of twy + shoulders on
straight portion:
- 44m where code letter is E
- 60m where code letter is F.
[RP] A14 P3.9.1
The surface should be so prepared
as to resist erosion and ingestion of
the surface material by aeroplane
engines.
[RP] A14 P3.9.2
Intended to protect an a/c operating
on the twy and to reduce the risk of
damage to an a/c running off the
twy.
ADM Pt2 p1.6.1
ADM Pt2 p1.6.2+ table 1-1
ICAO
Justification
Material
- Twy width = 2 x clearance
distance from wheel to
pavement edge + max wheel
track
Code E: 23m = 2x4.5m+14m
Code F: 25m = 2x4.5m+16m
ADM Pt2 p1.2.7+ table 1-1
- Origin of the 4.5m clearance
distance unknown to AACG
- Origin of the 4.5m clearance
distance unknown to AACG
- No specific justification material
available on taxiway shoulder
width to AACG
AACG
Agreement
- Minimum of 23m
- Wheel-to-edge minimum
clearance of 4.5m for code
E and F aircraft
- On straight portions, Code F
compliant: 60m wide strip to be
protected against shoulder erosion
and engine ingestion (paved or
natural surface)
- Depending on local conditions,
decision on:
. the width for curved portions,
. the composition and thickness
for straight and curved portions
by each national authority and/or
airport operator
AACG
Justification
Material
- Twy deviation statistics on
straight section, based on
existing and on going studies
- A380 Landing gear wheel
span and cockpit visibility
- No specific justification
needed (same rules as
more critical aircraft such
as A340-600 and 777-
300ER)
- A380 Engine position
- A380 Jet blast velocity &
temperature contours at breakaway
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