INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
RULES OF THE AIR
ANNEX 2
TO THE CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION
NINTH EDITION — JULY 1990
This edition incorporates all amendments adopted by the
Council prior to 13 March 1990 and supersedes, on 14 November 1991,
all previous editions of Annex 2.
For information regarding the application of the Standards,
see Foreword.
INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION
AMENDMENTS
The issue of amendments is announced regularly in the ICAO Journal and in the
monthly Supplement to the Catalogue of ICAO Publications and Audio-visual
Training Aids, which holders of this publication should consult. The space below
is provided to keep a record of such amendments.
RECORD OF AMENDMENTS AND CORRIGENDA
AMENDMENTS CORRIGENDA
No.
Date
applicable
Date
entered
Entered
by No.
Date
of issue
Date
entered
Entered
by
1-29 Incorporated in this edition 1 Incorporated in this edition
30 11/11/93 — ICAO 2 Did not affect the English version
31 10/11/94 — ICAO 3 Did not affect the English version
32 Effective date
19/2/96 — ICAO 4 25/10/01 — ICAO
33 6/11/97 — ICAO 5 30/11/01 — ICAO
34 5/11/98 — ICAO
35 4/11/99 — ICAO
36 1/11/01 — ICAO
37 Approved date
28/2/03
— ICAO
(ii)
ANNEX 2 (iii)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page Page
FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (v)
CHAPTER 1. Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
CHAPTER 2. Applicability of the rules of the air . . . 6
2.1 Territorial application of the rules of the air . . . 6
2.2 Compliance with the rules of the air . . . . . . . . . 6
2.3 Responsibility for compliance with the
rules of the air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.4 Authority of pilot-in-command of an aircraft . . 6
2.5 Problematic use of psychoactive substances . . . 6
CHAPTER 3. General rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.1 Protection of persons and property. . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2 Avoidance of collisions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.3 Flight plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.4 Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.5 Time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.6 Air traffic control service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.7 Unlawful interference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.8 Interception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.9 VMC visibility and distance from
cloud minima. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
CHAPTER 4. Visual flight rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
CHAPTER 5. Instrument flight rules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.1 Rules applicable to all IFR flights . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.2 Rules applicable to IFR flights within
controlled airspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.3 Rules applicable to IFR flights outside
controlled airspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
APPENDIX 1. Signals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
1. Distress and urgency signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2. Signals for use in the event of
interception. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
3. Visual signals used to warn an
unauthorized aircraft flying in,
or about to enter a restricted,
prohibited or danger area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
4. Signals for aerodrome traffic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
5. Marshalling signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
APPENDIX 2. Interception of civil aircraft . . . . . . . . . 30
1. Principles to be observed by States . . . . . . . . . . 30
2. Action by intercepted aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3. Radiocommunication during
interception. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
APPENDIX 3. Tables of cruising levels . . . . . . . . . . . 32
APPENDIX 4. Unmanned free balloons . . . . . . . . . . . 33
1. Classification of unmanned free balloons. . . . . . 33
2. General operating rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3. Operating limitations and equipment
requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
4. Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
5. Flight notification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
6. Position recording and reports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
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