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the aircraft;
b) elsewhere than as specified in a), at a level which is at
least 300 m (1 000 ft) above the highest obstacle located
within 8 km of the estimated position of the aircraft.
Note 1.— The estimated position of the aircraft will take
account of the navigational accuracy which can be achieved on
the relevant route segment, having regard to the navigational
facilities available on the ground and in the aircraft.
Note 2.— See also 3.1.2.
5.1.3 Change from IFR flight to VFR flight
5.1.3.1 An aircraft electing to change the conduct of its
flight from compliance with the instrument flight rules to
compliance with the visual flight rules shall, if a flight plan was
submitted, notify the appropriate air traffic services unit
specifically that the IFR flight is cancelled and communicate
thereto the changes to be made to its current flight plan.
5.1.3.2 When an aircraft operating under the instrument
flight rules is flown in or encounters visual meteorological
conditions it shall not cancel its IFR flight unless it is
anticipated, and intended, that the flight will be continued for a
reasonable period of time in uninterrupted visual meteorological
conditions.
5.2 Rules applicable to IFR flights within
controlled airspace
5.2.1 IFR flights shall comply with the provisions of 3.6
when operated in controlled airspace.
5.2.2 An IFR flight operating in cruising flight in
controlled airspace shall be flown at a cruising level, or, if
authorized to employ cruise climb techniques, between two
levels or above a level, selected from:
a) the Tables of cruising levels in Appendix 3, or
b) a modified table of cruising levels, when so prescribed
in accordance with Appendix 3 for flight above FL 410,
except that the correlation of levels to track prescribed therein
shall not apply whenever otherwise indicated in air traffic
control clearances or specified by the appropriate ATS authority
in Aeronautical Information Publications.
5.3 Rules applicable to IFR flights outside
controlled airspace
5.3.1 Cruising levels
An IFR flight operating in level cruising flight outside of
controlled airspace shall be flown at a cruising level appropriate
to its track as specified in:
a) the Tables of cruising levels in Appendix 3, except
when otherwise specified by the appropriate ATS
authority for flight at or below 900 m (3 000 ft) above
mean sea level; or
b) a modified table of cruising levels, when so prescribed
in accordance with Appendix 3 for flight above FL 410.
Note.— This provision does not preclude the use of cruise
climb techniques by aircraft in supersonic flight.
5.3.2 Communications
An IFR flight operating outside controlled airspace but within
or into areas, or along routes, designated by the appropriate
ATS authority in accordance with 3.3.1.2 c) or d) shall
5/11/98
No. 34
Chapter 5 Annex 2 — Rules of the Air
19 14/11/91
maintain an air-ground voice communication watch on the
appropriate communication channel and establish two-way
communication, as necessary, with the air traffic services unit
providing flight information service.
Note.— See Notes following 3.6.5.1.
5.3.3 Position reports
An IFR flight operating outside controlled airspace and
required by the appropriate ATS authority to:
— submit a flight plan,
— maintain an air-ground voice communication watch
on the appropriate communication channel and
establish two-way communication, as necessary, with
the air traffic services unit providing flight
information service,
shall report position as specified in 3.6.3 for controlled flights.
Note.— Aircraft electing to use the air traffic advisory
service whilst operating IFR within specified advisory airspace
are expected to comply with the provisions of 3.6, except that the
flight plan and changes thereto are not subjected to clearances
and that two-way communication will be maintained with the
unit providing the air traffic advisory service.
5/11/98
No. 34
ANNEX 2 21 14/11/91
APPENDIX 1. SIGNALS
(Note.— See Chapter 3, 3.4 of the Annex)
1. DISTRESS AND URGENCY SIGNALS
Note 1.— None of the provisions in this section shall prevent
the use, by an aircraft in distress, of any means at its disposal to
attract attention, make known its position and obtain help.
Note 2.— For full details of telecommunication transmission
procedures for the distress and urgency signals, see Annex 10,
Volume II, Chapter 5.
Note 3.— For details of the search and rescue visual signals,
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