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the indicated values are separated by a V, preface the
values with the words VARIABLE BETWEEN,
followed by the first value, the word AND, then the
second value. (See TBL 14-1-6.)
TBL 14-1-6
RVR/RVV
RVR/RVV Phraseology
R36VV11/2 “Runway three six, R-V-V one
and one-half.”
R05LVV1V2 “Runway five left, R-V-V
variable between one and two.”
R18/2000V3000FT “Runway one eight, R-V-R
variable between two thousand
and three thousand. Or Runway
one eight visual range variable
between two thousand and three
thousand.”
R26R/2400FT “Runway two six right visual
range two thousand four
hundred.”
2. When there is a requirement to issue an RVR
or RVV value and a visibility condition greater or less
than the reportable values of the equipment is
indicated, state the condition as MORE THAN or
LESS THAN the appropriate minimum or maximum
readable value. (See TBL 14-1-7.)
TBL 14-1-7
RVR/RVV
RVR/RVV Phraseology
R16/M0600FT ``Runway one six runway
visual range less than six
hundred. Or Runway one six
R-V-R less than six
hundred.''
R36L/M0600V2500FT ``Runway three six left,
R-V-R variable between
less than six hundred and
two thousand five hundred.
Or Runway three six left
visual range variable
between less than six
hundred and two thousand
five hundred.''
R36/P6000FT ``Runway three six R-V-R
more than six thousand. Or
Runway three six visual
range more than six
thousand.''
JO 7110.10T 2/14/08
14-1-4 General
h. Weather ElementsTBL 14-1-8 depicts sample
phraseology for weather element contractions.
Intensity refers to precipitation, not descriptors.
Proximity is spoken after the phenomenon to which
it refers. Descriptors are spoken ahead of weather
phenomenon with the exception of ``showers'' which
is spoken after the precipitation. TBL 14-1-9
contains a complete list of weather elements and
appropriate phraseology.
i. Ceiling and Sky Coverage.
1. State sky coverage in the same order as
reported on the weather observation. Announce
ceiling as follows: (See TBL 14-1-10.)
TBL 14-1-8
Examples of Combining Intensity, Descriptors and
Weather Phenomenon.
Contractions Phraseology
BLSN BLOWING SNOW
-FZRAPL LIGHT FREEZING RAIN, ICE
PELLETS
FZRA FREEZING RAIN
FZDZ FREEZING DRIZZLE
MIFG SHALLOW FOG
-SHRA LIGHT RAIN SHOWERS
SHRA RAIN SHOWERS
SHSN SNOW SHOWERS
TSRA THUNDERSTORM, RAIN
+TSRA THUNDERSTORM, HEAVY RAIN
(SHOWERS)1
+TSRAGR THUNDERSTORM, HEAVY
RAIN, HAIL
VCSH SHOWERS IN THE VICINITY
1Since thunderstorms imply showery precipitation,
``showers'' may be used to describe precipitation that
accompany thunderstorms.
TBL 14-1-9
Weather Elements
INTENSITY
or
PROXIMITY
1
DESCRIPTOR
2
PRECIPITATION
3
OBSCURATION
4
OTHER
5
- Light MI Shallow DZ Drizzle BR Mist PO Well-
Developed
Dust/Sand
Whirls
BC Patchy RA Rain FG Fog SQ Squalls
Moderate
(No Qualifier)
DR Low Drifting SN Snow FU Smoke FC
+FC
Funnel Cloud,
Tornado or
Waterspout
BL Blowing SG Snow Grains DU Dust SS Sandstorm
+ Heavy SH Showers IC Ice Crystals SA Sand DS Duststorm
TS Thunderstorm PL Ice Pellets HZ Haze
VC In the Vicinity FZ Freezing GR Hail PY Spray
PR Partial GS Small Hail or
Snow Pellets
(1/4”)
VA Volcanic Ash
UP *Unknown
Precipitation
* Automated stations only.
2/14/08 JO 7110.10T
General 14-1-5
TBL 14-1-10
Ceiling and Sky Coverage
Designator Phraseology
BKN0001 SKY PARTIALLY OBSCURED
BKN0002 CEILING LESS THAN FIVE
ZERO BROKEN
FEW0001 SKY PARTIALLY OBSCURED
FEW0002 FEW CLOUDS AT LESS THAN
FIVE ZERO
(lowest layer aloft)
BKN/OVC
(precede with) CEILING
SCT0001 SKY PARTIALLY OBSCURED
SCT0002 LESS THAN FIVE ZERO
SCATTERED
VV INDEFINITE CEILING
1 Surface-based obscurations. Requires remarks,
i.e. RMK FG SCT000, FU BKN000, etc.
2 No remark means the layer is aloft.
2. State cloud heights in tens, hundreds and/or
thousands of feet. (See TBL 14-1-11.)
TBL 14-1-11
Cloud Heights
Number Phraseology
0001 ZERO
003 THREE HUNDRED
018 ONE THOUSAND EIGHT
HUNDRED
200 TWO ZERO THOUSAND
1 Spoken as zero only when used with VV.
NOTE-
1. When the ceiling is less than 3,000 feet and variable,
the variable limits will be reported in the remarks.
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