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c. In either case, and if time permits, include the
reason for this action.
14-1-8. WEATHER PHRASEOLOGY
Use the following phraseology and procedures for
stating surface weather observations and for
information similarly encoded in other aviation
weather products and forecasts.
a. Location.
1. Announce the geographic name (not the
identifier) once for communications.
EXAMPLE-
“Paducah.”
2. When the location name is duplicated within
500 miles, follow the location name with the state
name.
EXAMPLE-
“Columbus, Ohio.”
3. When weather reports originate at more than
one airport at the same geographical location,
identify the airport.
EXAMPLE-
“Anchorage, Anchorage Merrill.”
“Chicago O'Hare.”
4. Where it is considered necessary and is
requested by the military base commander, broadcast
military observations by stating the location, the
name of the airport if different, and the controlling
military branch.
EXAMPLE-
“Andrews Air Force Base.”
“Elmendorf, Elmendorf Air Force Base.”
“Fort Riley, Marshall Army Air Field.”
“Norfolk Naval Air Station.”
b. If AUTO appears after the date/time element,
follow location announcement with the phrase
AUTOMATED.
PHRASEOLOGY-
(Location) AUTOMATED.
c. If a special report is the most recent observation
available, follow the location with the words
SPECIAL REPORT, (last two digits of the time)
OBSERVATION. Use data from the record report to
fill in the items not included in the special
observation, such as temperature and dew point.
d. If the weather data is not available, state the
location and the word MISSING.
e. Wind Direction and Speed. Announce surface
wind direction and speed by stating the word WIND
followed by the separate digits of the wind direction
to the nearest 10 degrees and the separate digits of the
speed. A “G” between two wind speed values is
announced as GUSTS. State local wind as it appears
in the report. Announce the variability of wind at the
end of the wind group. (See TBL 14-1-2.)
TBL 14-1-2
Wind Direction and Speed
Wind Phraseology
00000KT WIND CALM.
26012KT WIND TWO SIX ZERO AT ONE
TWO.
29012KT
260V320
WIND TWO NINER ZERO AT
ONE TWO WIND VARIABLE
BETWEEN TWO SIX ZERO AND
THREE TWO ZERO.
30008KT WIND THREE ZERO ZERO AT
EIGHT.
36012G20KT WIND THREE SIX ZERO AT ONE
TWO GUSTS TWO ZERO.
VRB04KT WIND VARIABLE AT FOUR.
f. Visibility.
1. State the word VISIBILITY followed by the
visibility values in miles and/or fractions of miles,
except announce values indicated by the figure 0 as
ZERO. Announce the separate digits of whole
numbers as applicable. (See TBL 14-1-3.)
2/14/08 JO 7110.10T
General 14-1-3
TBL 14-1-3
Visibility
Contraction Phraseology
0SM Visibility zero.
1/16SM Visibility one sixteenth.
1/8SM Visibility one eighth.
M1/4SM Visibility less than one quarter.
3/4SM Visibility three quarters.
11/2SM Visibility one and one-half.
8SM Visibility eight.
25SM Visibility two five.
NOTEWhen
visibility is less than 3 miles and variable, this
information is reported in the remarks.
2. When stating AUTOB visibility values,
announce the visibility in accordance with the
reportable categories depicted in TBL 14-1-4 and
TBL14-1-5.
TBL 14-1-4
Visibility Reading
Reading Visibility Values
0 less than 15/16
1 1 - 1 7/8
2 2 - 2 7/8
3 3 - 3 1/2
4 3 1/2 - 4 1/2
5 4 1/2 - 5 1/2
6 5 1/2 - 6 1/2
7 6 1/2 - 7 1/2
8 above 7 1/2
TBL 14-1-5
Visibility Reading
Reading Phraseology
BV0 “Visibility less than fifteen sixteenths.”
BV3 “Visibility three to three and one-half.”
BV8 “Visibility more than seven and one-half.”
3. If an AUTOB visibility report consisting of
three values is encountered, it is decoded as depicted
below.
EXAMPLE-
“BV786”
6 = minimum visibility during past 10 minutes.
7 = present visibility.
8 = maximum visibility during past 10 minutes.
g. RVR/RVV.
1. Provide RVR/RVV information by stating
the runway, “visual range” or “visibility value,” as
appropriate, and the indicated value. The
abbreviations “R-V-R” or “R-V-V” may be spoken
in lieu of “visual range” or “visibility value.” When
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