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The terrain and obstacle databases used by TAWS are referenced to mean sea level (MSL). Using the GPS position and GPS-MSL altitude, TAWS displays a 2-D picture of the surrounding terrain and obstacles relative to the position and altitude of the aircraft. Furthermore, the GPS position and GPS-MSL altitude are used to calculate and “predict” the aircraft’s flight path in relation to the surrounding terrain and obstacles. In this manner, TAWS can provide advanced alerts of predicted dangerous terrain conditions.
Baro-corrected altitude (or indicated altitude) is derived by adjusting the altimeter setting for local atmospheric conditions. The most accurate baro-corrected altitude can be achieved by frequently updating the altimeter setting to the nearest reporting station along the flight path. However, because actual atmosphere conditions seldom match the standard conditions defined by the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) model (where pressure, temperature, and lapse rates have fixed values), it is common for the baro-corrected altitude (as read from the altimeter) to differ from the GPS-MSL altitude. This variation results in the aircraft’s true altitude differing from the baro-corrected altitude.
190-00494-02 Rev. B Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 333
Hazard Avoidance voidance voidance
SYSTEM
OVERVIEW
FLIGHT
INSTRUMENTS EICAS AUDIO PANEL
& CNS
FLIGHT
MANAGEMENT
HAZARD
AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL
FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX
Displayingisplaying TAWS Dataataata
TAWS uses yellow (caution) and red (warning) to depict terrain and obstacles with heights greater than 200 feet above ground level, AGL. Alerts are given relative to aircraft altitude. Colors are adjusted automatically as the aircraft altitude changes. The colors and symbols shown in the figure and table below are used to represent terrain, obstacles, and potential impact points.
Potential Impact PointUnlighted ObstacleProjected Flight Path1000 ft 100 ft Threshold Terrain more than 1000 ft below the aircraft altitudeTerrain between 100 ft and 1000 ft below the aircraft altitudeTerrain above or within 100 ft below the aircraftaltitude
Figur
e 6-56 Terrain Altitude/Color Correlation for TAWS
Unlighted Obstacle
Lighted Obstacle
Potential Impact Points
Obstacle Location
< 1000’ AGL
> 1000’ AGL
< 1000’ AGL
> 1000’ AGL
WARNING: Red obstacle is above or within 100’ below current aircraft altitude
CAUTION: Yellow obstacle is between 100’ and 1000’ below current aircraft altitude
Table 6-5 TAWS Obstacle Colors and Symbology
TAWS information can be displayed on the following maps:
• PFD Inset Map• Navigation Map Page• TAWS Page• Trip Planning Page• Flight Plan Pages
Displaying terrain and obstacle information (maps other than the TAWS Page):
1) Select the MAP Softkey (for the PFD Inset Map, select the INSET Softkey).
2) Select the TERRAIN Softkey to display terrain and obstacle data.
When TAWS is selected on maps other than the TAWS Page, an icon to indicate the feature is enabled for display and a legend for TAWS terrain colors is shown.
The Navigation Map Page Setup Menu provides a means in addition to the softkey for enabling/disabling display of terrain and obstacles. The setup menu also controls the map range settings above which terrain and obstacle data are decluttered from the display. If a map range larger than the map range setting is selected, the data is removed from the map.
334 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-02 Rev. B
Hazard Avoidance voidance voidance
SYSTEM
OVERVIEW
FLIGHT
AUDIO PANEL EICAS INSTRUMENTS
& CNS
FLIGHT
MANAGEMENT
HAZARD
ADDITIONAL AFCS AVOIDANCE
INDEX APPENDICES FEATURES
Terrain data can be selected for display independently of obstacle data; however, obstacles for which warnings and cautions are issued are shown when terrain is selected for display and the map range is within the setting limit.
Maps other than the TAWS Page use settings based on those selected for the Navigation Map Page. The maximum display ranges for obstacles on each map are dependent on the range setting made for the Navigation Map. If the maximum range for obstacle display on the Navigation Map is adjusted to below 20 nm, the highest obstacle display range settings on the other applicable maps are also adjusted proportionally.
Customizing terrain and obstacle display on the Navigation Map Page:
1) Select the Navigation Map Page.
2) Press the MENU Key.
3) With Map Setup highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-57).
4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Map Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-58).
5) Turn the large FMS Knob or press the ENT Key to scroll through product selections (Figure 6-59).
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Cessna Citation Mustang Pilot’Guide 2(17)
