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wheel height groups 1 through 4. Three-dimensional (3-D) procedures serving
the same runway should share common TCH and glidepath angle values. If an
instrument landing system (ILS) serves the runway, use the ILS TCH and
glidepath angle values. If there is no ILS but a visual glide slope indicator (VGSI)
system with a suitable TCH and glidepath angle serves the runway, use the
VGSI TCH and glidepath angle. Otherwise, select an appropriate TCH value
from table 3-2, and 3° glidepath angle.
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Page 3-2 Par 3.2
Table 3-1. Maximum Glidepath Angle (θ)
Category θ Gradient
FT/NM %
A (80 knots or less) 6.4 682 11.22
A (81-90 knots) 5.7 606 9.98
B 4.2 446 7.34
C 3.6 382 6.29
D&E 3.1 329 5.42
NOTE 1: To determine the minimum allowable TCH, add 20 ft to the glidepath-to-wheel height.
NOTE 2: To determine the maximum allowable TCH, add 50 ft to the glidepath-to-wheel height.
NOTE 3: Publish a note indicating the VGSI not coincident with the procedure GPA when
the VGSI angle is more than 0.2° from the GPA, or when the VGSI TCH is more than
3 ft from the procedure TCH.
The glidepath angle should not result in a descent rate (DR) greater than
1,000 ft-per-minute for aircraft served by the procedure. Use formula 3-1 to
calculate the DR for any given 3-D procedure.
Table 3-2. TCH Requirements
Representative
Aircraft Type
Approximate
Glidepath-to-
Wheel Height
Recommended
TCH ± 5 Feet
Remarks
HEIGHT GROUP 1
General aviation, Small
commuters, Corporate
turbojets, T-37, T-38,
C-12, C-20, C-21, T-1,
Fighter Jets
10 Feet or less 40 Feet
Many runways less than 6,000
ft long with reduced widths
and/or restricted weight bearing
which would normally prohibit
landings by larger aircraft.
HEIGHT GROUP 2
F-28, CV-340/440/580,
B-737, C-9, DC-9,
C-130, T-43, B-2, S-3
15 Feet 45 Feet Regional airport with limited air
carrier service.
HEIGHT GROUP 3
B-727/707/720/757,
B-52, C-135, C-141,
C-17, E-3, P-3, E-8
20 Feet 50 Feet
Primary runways not normally
used by aircraft with ILS
glidepath-to-wheel heights
exceeding 20 ft.
HEIGHT GROUP 4
B-747/767/777,
L-1011, DC-10, A-300,
B-1, KC-10, E-4, C-5,
VC-25
25 Feet 55 Feet Most primary runways at major
airports.
6/3/05 8260.52
Par 3.2 Page 3-3
Formula 3-1
( ) ( )
Where: VKIAS=Indicated Airspeed
p=PFAF Altitude
=Glidepath Angl
DR VKIAS 1 0.00002p sin 101.26859
θ
= × + × θ ×
e
Example
( ) ( )
KIAS
ft
min
V = 165 p=2,100 =3°
DR 165 1 0.00002 2,100 sin 3 101.26859 911.227
θ
= × + × × × =
3.2.1 Controlling the Effects of Temperature on the Glidepath Angle.
RNP final segment vertical guidance is provided by barometric VNAV. The
effective glidepath angle (actual angle flown) depends on the temperature
deviation from standard (ISA) associated with airport elevation. ISA for the
airport may be calculated using formula 3-2.
NOTES:
1. The formula for conversion from Celsius to Fahrenheit is also given; however, the
use of ISA values in calculation of minimum and maximum angles below will always
use Celsius values.
2. Examples 3-2 through 3-8 in this section use PFAF altitude 2000, Airport and
LTP elevation 400, Glidepath angle (θ) 3°.
Formula 3-2
( )
°C 15 airport elevation
500
°F 1.8 °C 32
ISA
ISA ISA
= °−
= × +
Example
( )
°C 15 400 14 2°C
500
°F 18 10 40 32 5756°F
.
. . .
ISA
ISA
= °− =
= × + =
The approach procedure should offer obstacle protection within a temperature
range that can reasonably be expected to exist at the airport. Establish the lower
temperature limit from the 5-year average lowest temperature for the coldest
month of the year (ACT). Determine the difference (ΔISALOW) between this
temperature and ISA temperature for the airport using formula 3-3.
Formula 3-3
( )
where ACT = Average Cold Temperature
ΔISALOW =− ISA − ACT
Example
( [ ])
where ISA = 14.2°C
ACT = -15.0°C
ΔISALOW =− 14.2 − −15.0 = −29.2°C
8260.52 6/3/05
Page 3-4 Par 3.2.1
The effective glidepath angle at ΔISALOW (θΔISAlow) must not be less than 0.917θ
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