曝光台 注意防骗
网曝天猫店富美金盛家居专营店坑蒙拐骗欺诈消费者
and then calmly begin to think rationally through the
resolution and decision process.
Medical Factors Related to the PPC
Medical factors, regardless of their severity, should
never be dismissed without at least a cursory consideration.
Even a toothache or the common cold can be
detrimental to a safe flight, especially when drugs of
any sort, even non-prescription, are taken before the
flight.
Most medical issues can be easily handled in a PPC,
but a few can have severe influences on the safety
of the flight. For instance, medical situations might
cause the muscles of the limbs to tighten or go into a
spasm. These scenarios can be deadly, such as when
the legs are pressing against a steering bar during a
seizure.
The following medical factors are not listed by importance,
but by alphabetical order for easy reference.
1-6
Alcohol
Alcohol directly affects the brain and can do so very
quickly. Some myths still surround alcohol: drinking
coffee can dissipate the effects, or taking a cold
shower will “sober” you up quickly. The fact is that
becoming intoxicated is determined by the amount of
alcohol in the bloodstream. Once consumed, alcohol
can enter the bloodstream—and therefore the brain—
in as quickly as 10 minutes. Once in the brain, motor
skills immediately begin to deteriorate. The common
aviation saying is “8 hours bottle to throttle.”
However, depending on the metabolism of the individual,
it may be twice as long before some humans
can dissipate the negative effects of alcohol. Even in
small amounts, alcohol can affect your motor skills,
diminish your mental reasoning, decrease your sense
of responsibility, and shorten your memory. In addition,
the effect of alcohol is greatly multiplied when
gaining altitude.
FAA regulations state that no one may act as a crewmember
if they have consumed alcohol within 8 hours
of flight, are under the influence of alcohol, are using
any drug affecting their faculties contrary to safety,
or if they have a blood alcohol level greater than 0.04
percent. Part 61 also states that refusal to take a drug
or alcohol test, a conviction for a violation of any
Federal or State statute relating to the operation of
a motor vehicle (that’s right—a car) while under the
influence of alcohol or a drug, or failure to provide a
written report of each motor vehicle action to the FAA
(not later than 60 days after the motor vehicle action)
are grounds for:
1. Denial of an application for any certificate,
rating, or authorization for a period of up to 1
year after the date of such refusal; or
2. Suspension or revocation of any certificate,
rating, or authorization.
Anxiety
Anxiety can cause humans to act in unpredictable and
negative ways. If your future is uncertain or an unpredictable
event occurs that forces you into an unknown
path, anxiety can appear. Self realization and learned
confidence through knowledge and practice are the
best ways to prepare for possible anxiety attacks.
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is typically not a
factor in a powered parachute, as the engine is behind
the pilot in the typical PPC pusher configuration.
However, since CO is a colorless, odorless, and
tasteless gas, you need to be alert to exposure prior
to flight.
Dehydration
Dehydration is the critical loss of water from the body.
The first noticeable effect of dehydration is fatigue. A
powered parachute pilot is particularly susceptible to
dehydration, as they normally fly in an open cart, often
exposed for hours to the direct rays of the sun. If
dehydration occurs and water is not replaced, fatigue
will progress to dizziness, weakness, nausea, tingling
of hands and feet, abdominal cramps, and extreme
thirst. It is highly recommended for PPC pilots, especially
those that fly in desert regions, to carry an ample
supply of water and to drink regularly, regardless
of whether or not you feel thirsty. When you begin to
feel thirsty, the beginning stages of dehydration have
already started.
Drugs
One of the biggest misconceptions is the myth that
over-the-counter drugs may be taken before a flight.
A non-prescription drug does not mean it is free of
side effects that may affect your faculties. Consult a
physician about mixing flying with any drugs. Many
medications such as tranquilizers, sedatives, strong
pain relievers, and cough-suppressants have primary
effects that may impair judgment, memory, alertness,
coordination, vision, and the ability to make calculations.
中国航空网 www.aero.cn
航空翻译 www.aviation.cn
本文链接地址：
Powered Parachute Flying Handbook动力伞飞行手册(9)
