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seaward.
CAPSIZE—To overturn.
CAST OFF—To release or untie a
vessel from its mooring point.
CENTER OF BUOYANCY—The
average point of buoyancy in floating
objects. Weight added above this
point will cause the floating object
to sit deeper in the water in a level
attitude.
CHINE—The longitudinal seam
joining the sides to the bottom of the
float. The chines serve a structural
purpose, transmitting loads from the
bottoms to the sides of the floats.
They also serve a hydrodynamic
purpose, guiding water away from
the float, reducing spray, and contributing
to hydrodynamic lift.
CHOP— A roughened condition of
the sea surface caused by local
winds. It is characterized by its
irregularity, short distance between
crests, and whitecaps.
COMBINATION SKI— A type of
aircraft ski that can be used on snow
or ice, but that also allows the use of
the skiplane’s wheels for landing on
runways.
CREST—The top of a wave.
CURRENT — The horizontal
movement of a body of water.
DAYBEACONS — Unlighted
beacons.
DAYMARKS—Conspicuous
markings or shapes that aid in
making navigational aids readily
visible and easy to identify
against daylight viewing backgrounds.
DECK—The top of the float,
which can serve as a step or walkway.
Bilge pump openings, hand
hole covers, and mooring cleats are
typically located along the deck.
DISPLACEMENT
POSITION—The attitude of the
seaplane when its entire weight is
supported by the buoyancy of the
floats, as it is when at rest or during
a slow taxi. Also called the
idling position.
DOCK—To secure a seaplane to a
permanent structure fixed to the
shore. As a noun, the platform or
structure to which the seaplane is
secured.
DOWNSWELL—Motion in the
same direction the swell is moving.
FETCH—An area where wind is
generating waves on the water surface.
Also the distance the waves
have been driven by the wind
blowing in a constant direction
without obstruction.
FLOATPLANE — A seaplane
equipped with separate floats to
support the fuselage well above the
water surface.
FLOATS—The components of a
floatplane’s landing gear that
provide the buoyancy to keep the
airplane afloat.
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FLOATS-ON-SKIDS—A type of
helicopter float design where the
floats sit on top of the fully functional
skids. During water operations,
the floats support the weight
of the aircraft, and on hard surfaces
the skids support the weight of the
aircraft.
FLYING BOAT—A type of seaplane
in which the crew, passengers,
and cargo are carried inside a
fuselage that is designed to
support the seaplane on the
water. Also called a hull seaplane.
GLASSY WATER—A calm water
surface with no distinguishable
surface features, with a glassy or
mirror like appearance. Glassy
water can deceive a pilot’s depth
perception.
HEIGHT-TO-LENGTH
RATIO—The ratio between the
height of a swell to the length
between two successive crests
(swell length).
HYDRODYNAMIC FORCES—
Forces relating to the motion of
fluids and the effects of fluids
acting on solid bodies in motion
relative to them.
HYDRODYNAMIC LIFT—For
seaplanes, the upward force generated
by the motion of the hull or
floats through the water. When the
seaplane is at rest on the surface, there
is no hydrodynamic lift, but as the
seaplane moves faster, hydrodynamic
lift begins to support more and more
of the seaplane’s weight.
IDLING POSITION—The attitude
of the seaplane when its entire
weight is supported by the
buoyancy of the floats, as it is
when at rest or during a slow
taxi. Also called the displacement
position.
KEEL—A strong longitudinal
member at the bottom of a float or
hull that helps guide the seaplane
through the water, and, in the case
of floats, supports the weight of the
seaplane on land.
RAMPING—Using a ramp that
extends under the water surface as
a means of getting the seaplane out
of the water and onto the shore. The
seaplane is typically driven under
power onto the ramp, and slides
partway up the ramp due to inertia
and engine thrust.
SAILING—Using the wind as the
main motive force while on the
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