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For the go-around, the appropriate flight reference is the attitude, because go-around is a dynamic maneuver. Therefore, when performing a go-around, regardless of the previously-selected flight reference, upon selection of TOGA, the FD bars are automatically restored in SRS/GA TRK modes, and the "bird" is automatically removed.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
NAVIGATION ACCURACY
GENERAL
Applicable to: ALL
The primary function of the FMS is navigation, i.e. to compute the aircraft's position as accurately as possible. The validity of all other functions depends on the accuracy of the FMS position.
The accuracy of the FMS navigation determines the flight crew's strategy for using the AP / FD modes, in addition to the ND display.
COMPUTATION OF THE AIRCRAFT POSITION
Applicable to: ALL
WITHOUT GPS PRIMARY PRINCIPLE
The FMS position is computed from the three IRS positions, that are combined to provide a MIX IRS position. The radio position is also combined, if two DMEs, a VOR/DME or a GPS supplemental are available. The GPS supplemental is considered to be an additional form of NAVAID, and can be accepted, if it falls within the radio position or the MIX IRS position.
INITIALIZATION
Refer to the Refer to NO-020 ADIRS Initialization. TAKEOFF
Each FMGC uses the MIX IRS position as its position, until the thrust levers are pushed forward to TOGA. The FMS position is then updated to the runway threshold coordinates. The difference between the MIX IRS position and the FMS position is referred to as the TO BIAS. The TO BIAS is added to the MIX IRS position, for the subsequent FMS position.
FMS position updating at Take off
IN FLIGHT
The original TO BIAS is continuously updated with the current radio aid.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
NAVIGATION ACCURACY
Updating BIAS principle
If the radio position is lost, the system uses the updated BIAS to determine the FMS position from the MIX IRS position.
NAVIGATION ACCURACY
The FMS computes the Estimated Position Error (EPE). The EPE is an estimate. To compute the EPE, the FMS considers the immediately available navigation means in the FMS position computation and applies defined tolerances for each of them. These tolerances assume that the navigation means are working properly. They ignore any possible excessive IRS drift or erroneous locations of navaids. The MCDU PROG page displays the HIGH/LOW indications, according to the EPE. These indications reflect the probable accuracy of the FMS navigation compared to the determined accuracy criteria.
WITH GPS PRIMARY
PRINCIPLE
The GPS interfaces directly with the IRS that outputs a GPIRS position. When a GPIRS position
is available, it overrides the RADIO position, if available. Therefore, the FMS position tends toward the GPIRS position.
INITIALIZATION
Refer to the Refer to NO-020 ADIRS Initialization. TAKEOFF
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A330/A340 机组训练手册 FCTM Flight Crew Training Manual 2(65)
