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Air Traffic Control (ATC) at an aerodrome is responsible for the control of aircraft in the air in the vicinity of the aerodrome and for the control of all traffic on the manoeuvring area. All movements of aircraft and vehicles on the manoeuvring area are subject to prior permission from ATC.
Control of movements of vehicles and persons on the apron is the responsibility of the aerodrome authority. Movement of aircraft on the apron is subject to prior permission from ATC, who will provide advice and instructions to assist in the prevention of collisions between moving aircraft.
The total ATC responsibility at an aerodrome is shared between Aerodrome Control and Approach Control. Aerodrome Control is responsible for aircraft on the manoeuvring area except the runways-in-use. The point dividing the responsibilities of Aerodrome Control and of Approach Control for aircraft on the runways-in-use and in the air may vary with different weather conditions or for other considerations, but it is the normal rule that departing aircraft contact Aerodrome Control first and that arriving aircraft contact Approach Control first for ATC instructions.
Three types of service are used at United Kingdom aerodromes for the control or supervision of aerodrome traffic. Where Air Traffic Control is required an Aerodrome Control Service (TWR) is provided. At other aerodromes, either an Aerodrome Flight Information Service (AFIS) or an Air-Ground Service (A/G) may be provided. Where traffic levels are variable, the available service may be changed at specific times or by arrangement.
ATC fulfils its functions at an aerodrome by giving aircraft by RTF the instructions and information required for taxiing, takeoff or landing.
At some busy airports to alleviate RTF loading on the operational channels, Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATIS) broadcast messages are used to pass routine arrival/departure information on a discrete RTF frequency or on an appropriate VOR. Pilots of aircraft inbound to these airports are required on first contact with the aerodrome ATS Unit to acknowledge receipt of current information by quoting the code letter of the broadcast. Pilots of outbound aircraft are not normally required to acknowledge receipt of departure ATIS but are requested to ensure that they are in possession of up-to-date information. ATIS is described in ICAO Doc 7030, EUR/RAC paragraph 12.
Approach Control Service (APP)
Approach Control Service is provided at some aerodromes that are within Controlled Airspace and at others that are not. In the latter case, however, there is no legal requirement for pilots flying IMC to comply with the instructions issued by Approach Control unless they are within the Aerodrome Traffic Zone. Nor is there any legal requirement for such pilots to report their presence. It is, therefore, impossible for Approach Control to be sure that they are giving separation from all aircraft in their area and for this reason Approach Control Service at aerodromes outside Controlled Airspace must be regarded as advisory only.
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Guide to Visual Flight Rules (VFR) in the UK(17)
