Guide to Visual Flight Rules (VFR) in the UK(15)

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Apart from endangering aircraft by flying close to bird colonies, the breeding of the birds may be upset and the practice should be avoided on conservation grounds. It should also be appreciated that, especially in the case of sea bird colonies, concentrations of birds may be soaring on lee waves downwind of the area where they breed.  Textual reference to Bird Sanctuaries can be found in the ENR section 5.6. 
 
 

 
High Intensity Radio Transmission Areas (HIRTA)     
 
 

 
HIRTA are areas of defined dimensions within which there is radio energy of an intensity that may cause interference or damage to communications or navigation equipment and may be injurious to health. Pilots should be aware that these transmissions can give false indications on navigation and systems monitoring equipment; GPS is particularly vulnerable. Details of the major sites are listed at UK AIP section ENR 5.3 and are depicted on UK CAA Aeronautical Charts. Reference to specific HIRTAs can be found in the ENR 5.3 section of the AIP.
 
 
Other Activities and Hazards
 
There are various sites at which glider and hang-glider winch launching, parascending, and microlight flying takes place, many of which affect the airspace above 1000ft AGL. Most of these are shown on UK CAA Aeronautical Charts.
 
Air Navigation Obstacles
 
A list of known land based and off shore obstacles that are over 300ft in height are listed at ENR 5.4. Note that on the VFR charts obstacles are also only shown over 300ft AGL, although there are a small amount of obstacles under 300ft shown on VFR charts if they are of significant visual value.
 
 
Temporary Reserved Area (TRA)        
 
A Temporary Reserved Area (TRA) is a defined volume of airspace normally under the jurisdiction of one aviation authority and temporarily reserved, by common agreement, for the specific use by another aviation authority and through which other traffic may be allowed to transit under an ATS authority.  TRAs have been established between FL 195 and FL 245 to accommodate the various VFR UK airspace users including military autonomous operational requirements above FL 195.  TRAs may be used simultaneously by both civil and military aircraft, including aircraft in en-route transit through a TRA. Operations will be conducted in accordance with the Rules of the Air, or as agreed via the Unusual Aerial Activities regulations, and required equipment carriage and operation.  Although the background classification between FL195 and FL 245 within UK airspace is Class C, to avoid operational restrictions, military aircraft may operate autonomously or in be receipt of an ATS from approved ATS units within a TRA.  ATS in TRAs will be provided in accordance with the rules for Air Traffic Services Outside Controlled Airspace (ATSOCAS).
　
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