Scenario: Airline ABC DC-9 (w/out ACARS).
San Diego, CA -to- Dallas/Ft. Worth, TX. Operated IFR under FAR Part 121.
What information is available prior to departure? Commercial airlines vary greatly in their flight planning sophistication. As a minimum, all have the same access to FSS data. The most complex AOCs have staff and services to plan and monitor all aspects of a flight. At the low end of sophistication, canned lateral routes and altitudes are used, and the dispatcher provides departing pilots with a weather briefing similar to that which may be obtained from FSS. Often, wind-optimized routes are obtained from service providers. The airline dispatcher provides the flight crew with a paper weather summary of winds aloft and forecast conditions at the destination and alternate as well as the flight plan, including relevant information (NOTAMS, SIGMETS, equipment limitations, etc.) and files the flight plan with ATC approximately an hour and a half
Airline Scenario 1500Z: ABC Airlines dispatcher performs pre-flight work for Flight ABC123, DC-9 service from San Diego to DFW. An equipment check shows the airplane on the ground at San Diego and the MEL is met. The crew is available. A quick check for traffic constraints and weather at DFW is done. Airline ABC employs its own Met staff, but continues to use public weather sources such as NWS, FSS, as well as a domestic weather service provider. The dispatcher guesses that unusual delays into DFW are unlikely today - fuel is ordered based on the expected loading and assuming a nominal flight. Since the DC-9 doesn’t have an inertial navigation or GPS capability, it must fly jet airways from VOR to VOR to perform en route navigation. The PERF (performance) department has been pressuring dispatch to limit over-fueling, and the recommended amount for this route already is already +5% for the typical DFW 2000Z arrival delays. The usual company, or “canned,” flight plan is filed with ATC. Departure time is 1700Z, with arrival at DFW at 2000Z. 15:30Z: ABC Airlines files the flight plan with the departure ARTCC. 1600Z: The captain and first officer arrive at the local flight operations center at SAN (this can be a lounge or simply the gate area depending upon the airline and the station) and review the national weather forecasts, winds aloft, other information pertaining to this flight available at the dispatch office. The weak weather disturbance over Texas is noted but does not appear to be a factor. They carry the printed flight plan and weather brief to the aircraft, which is now at the gate, and continue their pre-flight planning. ABC’s DC-9s are not FMS equipped. The crew is expected to remain with the aircraft for the scheduled return flight from DFW to SAN. 1650Z: The passengers are loaded and the ABC123 crew calls dispatch for release, including a weather update, loading and fuel verification. The aircraft is pushed back. 1710Z: ABC123 departs SAN on time (±15 minutes).
How does the pilot learn of the developing situation?
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