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POWER REQUIREMENTS
You will be shown how to estimate the power required for different situations. The hover-check is really the accurate way to practically find the power required and permit you to evaluate the power available on that particular flight. Remember that a few degrees in temperature and/or a change in altitude can make noticeable changes in the performance of your helicopter.
LOADING AND UNLOADING CARGO
You will be shown how to maximize the space available with varied loads on the particular type you are flying. This will include all baggage compartments and litters in addition to the cabin. You must secure all loads utilising straps, nets, or any restraining device available. As some loads may be classed as dangerous goods, check in the company operations manual to determine how to handle them before you commit to loading them in the aircraft. Unloading is as important as loading. If you are carrying loads to several destinations, arrange them for ease of delivery, but be sure to arrange them so as to have as little effect on weight and balance as possible. Always perform your hover-check after each stop. Sling loads are dealt with in Exercise 28.
PASSENGERS
The pilot-in-command is responsible for briefing any passengers carried on board the aircraft. Passengers have to be shown how to embark and disembark safely, the use of seat belts, procedures to be used in the event of emergency, including exits, and policy on smoking whilst in the helicopter. Most helicopter company operations manuals have a safety-briefing checklist included in them to ensure nothing is forgotten. Always use it if available.
In conclusion, use your common sense when you are working. Remember that increasing your weight, altitude or both, affects performance not only in powered flight but also in autorotation.
EXERCISE 28 - SLING LOAD OPERATIONS
One of the features of the helicopter, which sets it aside from other aircraft, is the ability to transport many different types of loads suspended from a cargo hook. This unique transportation method allows the helicopter to deliver cargo where even it cannot land, and to perform highly specialized tasks such as water bucketing, logging, and aerial construction. It is essential that to carry out safe slinging operations, the pilot and ground personnel involved be thoroughly conversant with the techniques required.
For the purpose of this exercise and indeed, for any slinging that you do operationally, carefully select the routes that you will fly to ensure that you do not overfly built-up areas to minimize the danger to persons or property. Your instructor will review with you Sections 602.16 and 602.23 of the Canadian Aviation Regulations prior to the conduct of this exercise.
PRE-FLIGHT CHECKS
Prior to conducting any slinging operations you should carry out the following checks in addition to your normal pre-flight inspection:
1. check the cargo hook is correctly fitted and undamaged, and that all suspension, electrical and mechanical cables are secure and there is no evidence of fraying or chafing;
2. check that the normal release mechanism is fully functional by physically checking that the hook opens when the release is activated;
3. check that the emergency release system is functional by physically checking that the hook operates when the emergency release is activated;
4. inspect all slings, straps, and nets for general condition. Frayed and worn equipment could present a hazard in flight. Ensure that the available equipment is capable of safely carrying the weight of the planned load; and
5. inspect your mirror and position it so that you can see comfortably from your seat.
Having satisfied yourself that all helicopter and sling equipment is serviceable, you may brief any ground personnel that you may have assisting you. This type of operation requires a qualified ground crew, appropriated equipment and a good coordination of the team. It is important that you clearly establish what signals you will use during the operation, including the actions of both the ground crew and you, should an emergency occur during the hook-up or load release phases. Standard hand signals to be used during slinging are shown in the following diagram.
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直升机飞行训练手册 HELICOPTER FLIGHT TRAINING MANUAL(53)
