Figure 5-1: Power Required/Available Curves
Prior to entering the climb, good airmanship dictates that you ensure that there is no traffic ahead and above. Remember that it may be difficult for an aircraft above to see you.
To enter a climb from cruise flight;
1. ease back on the cyclic to select the attitude for the recommended climb speed;
2. increase collective to the desired power setting. This action tends to cause the nose to pitch up;
3. prevent yaw with pedals throughout; and
4. adjust the airspeed as necessary with cyclic.
While in the climb monitor the engine temperatures and pressures, and maintain a constant lookout for other aircraft.
To level off from the climb:
1. anticipate the desired altitude by 10% of the rate of climb;
2. select the attitude for cruise flight by applying forward cyclic;
3. allow the airspeed to increase;
4. as the speed approaches that desired, reduce power to cruise setting;
5. prevent yaw with the pedals throughout; and
6. adjust the cyclic to maintain the desired cruise speed.
DESCENTS
Descents are commenced with a reduction in power.
Before commencing a descent it is important to conduct a good lookout to ensure that the area ahead and below is clear of other traffic as your forward visibility will be somewhat reduced in the descending attitude.
To proceed from cruise flight to a descent:
1. lower the collective to the desired power setting and prevent yaw through the use of pedals;
2. select the attitude that will give you the desired descent speed, by easing back the cyclic; and
3. as the helicopter begins to descend, adjust the cyclic to maintain the desired speed.
While in the descent, remember to scan your engine instruments to ensure that all temperatures and pressures are within limits, and keep a good lookout for other aircraft.
To level off from the descent to cruise flight:
1. anticipate the desired altitude by 10% of the rate of descent;
2. raise the collective to the cruise power setting and prevent yaw through the use of pedals;
3. select the attitude for cruise flight with cyclic; and
4. adjust the cyclic to maintain cruise speed.
It may also be necessary at times to enter a climb directly from a descent. In many light helicopters the airspeeds for both manoeuvres will be similar and therefore the attitude change, if any, will be small. Prior to proceeding from a descent to a climb, once again ensure that the area ahead and above is clear of other aircraft. When your lookout has confirmed that the area is clear:
1. smoothly raise the collective to the climb power setting, prevent yaw with pedals; and
2. select the desired climb speed or maintain the airspeed with cyclic.
An easy guide to remember the climb and level from the climb is:
A. - Attitude - cyclic
P. - Power - collective
T. - Trim - adjust controls for balanced flight.
An easy guide to remember the descent and level from the descent is:
P. - Power – collective
A.- Attitude – cyclic
T.- Trim - adjust controls for balanced flight.
EXERCISE 6 - TURNS
The turn is a basic manoeuvre used to change the heading of a helicopter. An accurate level turn may be described as a change of direction, maintaining a desired angle of bank, altitude and airspeed with no slip or skid. This is also the description of a co-ordinated turn.
To turn the helicopter, co-ordinate the cyclic, pedals and collective until a desired bank attitude is attained. The object of applying bank during a turn is to incline the lift so that, in addition to supporting the helicopter, it can provide the necessary centripetal force towards the centre of the turn to oppose centrifugal force, which is endeavouring to pull the helicopter away from the centre of the turn.
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