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refueling. Maximum refueling pressure is 55 psi.
9.2.1 Air Refueling Checklist. The air refueling checklist should be complete prior to plug-in.
1. RADAR - STBY/SILENT/EMCOM (²nose cold²)
2. MASTER ARM switch - SAFE (²switches safe²)
3. ALE-50 transmit power - OFF (if decoy deployed)
4. INTR WING switch - NORM (or as required)
5. EXT TANK switch(es) - AS DESIRED
If feed tank fuel level is critical, selecting STOP ensures the fastest transfer of fuel to the feed
tanks.
6. PROBE switch - EXTEND
7. Visor - DOWN (recommended)
A1-F18EA-NFM-000
III-9-5 ORIGINAL
For night air refueling -
8. Exterior lights - SET FOR REFUELING
9. Tanker lights - REQUEST AS DESIRED
9.2.2 Refueling Technique. The following procedures, as applied to tanker operations, refer to single
drogue refueling from the F/A-18E/F and the aerial refueling store. All other tanking evolutions are
dependent on the type of tanker being utilized. Refer to Chapter 26, Visual Communications, for
proper hand signals during air refueling operations.
A sharp lookout doctrine must be maintained due to the precise flying imposed on both the tanker
and receiver pilots. Other aircraft in the formation may assist the tanker in maintaining a sharp
lookout. Refueling altitudes and airspeeds are dictated by receiver and/or tanker characteristics
balanced with operational needs. This typically covers a practical envelope from the surface to 40,000
feet and 180 to 300 KCAS (while engaged).
9.2.2.1 Approach. When cleared to commence an approach and the refueling checklist is complete,
assume a ready position 10 to 15 feet in trail of the drogue with the refueling probe in line both
horizontally and vertically. Once in a stabilized position, trim the aircraft and make sure the tanker
ready light (amber) is on. Referencing the probe and drogue for alignment, increase power to establish
a 3 to 5 knot closure rate.
· If the tanker ready light is not on, do not engage drogue until signaled
by tanker aircraft as hose-reel response may be inoperative, causing
damage to tanker and receiver aircraft.
· Avoid damage to the right AOA probe by contact with the basket as a
4 channel AOA failure may result.
· An excessive closure rate may cause a violent hose whip following
contact and/or increase the danger of structural damage to the aircraft
in the event of misalignment.
NOTE
An insufficient closure rate results in the pilot fencing with the drogue
as it oscillates in close proximity to the aircraft nose.
Make small corrections during the approach phase using the rudder pedals for lateral misalignment
and longitudinal stick for vertical misalignment. Avoid lateral stick inputs as they cause both vertical
and lateral probe displacement. During the final phase of the approach, the drogue has a tendency to
move up and to the right as it passes the nose of the receiver aircraft due to the aircraft-to-drogue air
stream interaction.
9.2.2.2 Missed Approach. A missed approach is executed by reducing power and backing to the rear
with a 3 to 5 knot opening rate. Execute a missed approach if:
1. The receiver probe and the drogue basket cannot be properly aligned during the final phase of the
approach.
A1-F18EA-NFM-000
III-9-6 ORIGINAL
2. The receiver probe passes forward of the drogue basket.
3. The receiver probe impinges on the rim of the drogue basket.
4. Any unsafe condition develops.
Analyze alignment problems prior to commencing another approach.
9.2.2.3 Contact. When the receiver probe engages the basket, it seats itself into the reception
coupling and a slight ripple is evident in the refueling hose. The drogue and hose must be pushed
forward 5 feet by the receiver aircraft before fuel transfer can be started. This position is evident by
the tanker ready light (amber) going out and the (green) fuel transfer light (green) coming on. During
refueling, maintain a position directly behind and slightly below tanker aircraft.
NOTE
If streaming fuel is observed around the refueling probe, the probe is
not properly seated in the drogue. Disengage, stabilize in the ready
position, and then reengage the drogue.
9.2.2.4 Disengagement. The receiver aircraft disengages by reducing power in order to open from
the tanker at 3 to 5 knots. Back straight away and down, following the flight path of the tanker. The
receiver probe separates from the reception coupling when the hose reaches full extension. When clear
of the drogue, place the PROBE switch in the RETRACT position. Make sure that the PROBE UNLK
caution display is out before resuming normal flight operations.
Disengagement must be made straight back, parallel to the tanker flight
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NATOPS Flight Manual 飞行手册 1(152)
