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- Emergency Equipment For Overwater Operation (FAR 121.339/JAR-OPS 1.830 &
1.825)
- Emergency Flotation Means (FAR 121.340)
· Non-overwater equipped aircraft should include the following flotation equipment:
- Crew life vests
- Passenger seat cushions
- Slides
· Partially overwater equipped aircraft should include the following floatation equipment:
- Crew life vests
- Passenger life vests
- Passenger seat cushions
- Slides
· Overwater equipped aircraft should include the following floatation equipment:
- Crew life vests
- Passenger life vests
· Extra life vests
· Child life vests
- Passenger seat cushions
- Slide/life raft combination
Section 3:Emergency Procedures December 2001
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3-6
- Liferaft
- Survival kit
- Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT)
3.5 FIRE IN CABIN
3.5.1 Fire Prevention
While every effort is made by manufacturers, regulatory authorities and Operators to reduce the
risk of fire on board by providing fire resistant material and enforcing rules designed to minimize
fire hazards, fires still occur for various reasons.
Cabin crew should be alert to potential fire hazards that may exist within the passenger cabin,
including the monitoring of the cabin at frequent intervals, especially on night flights, looking for
smoke or fire. Cabin crew should also conduct frequent lavatory checks to ensure no smoke or
fire is present.
Trash containers should be checked for partially open flapper doors due to overfull or jammed
conditions. This is important so that the lavatory fire extinguisher will operate properly. Excess
waste should be removed and placed in the galley trash container. Cologne bottles, spray cans
and any other hazardous objects should be removed and placed in a galley trash container.
The best fire prevention involves continuous vigilance in the application of the procedures
described, and a thorough program that describes the three elements of fire along with the need
to keep these elements separated.
The three elements of fire are:
· Oxygen (present in the atmosphere, in certain emergency/medical equipment)
· Ignition source (electric, heat, matches)
· Flammable solid or substance (material, paper, rubber, fuel, gases, etc.)
Figure 3.2: Fire Triangle
Oxygen
Flammable Solid/
Substance
Ignition Source
FIRE
Section 3:Emergency Procedures December 2001
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3.5.2 Classification of Fire
There are several types of fires that can occur on an aircraft. Cabin crew should be able to
identify each type and determine the most effective extinguishing agent to use.
Fires are divided into four main groups with different characteristics:
· Class A Fire - Flammable Solids
Any object that might catch ignition and be set on fire requiring the cooling effect of water (e.g.,
material, wood, paper, cushions, etc.) It is safe to use any type of extinguishers against such fire
whenever water is not available.
· Class B Fire - Liquid Fire
Liquid fire involves flammable substances that are usually lighter than water (e.g., oil, fuel,
paint, kerosene). Water and water glycol fire extinguishers should not be used to fight such fire,
as water will only help it spread and expand. Concentration should be on the exclusion of
oxygen.
· Class C Fire - Electrical Fire
Fire involving electrical equipment is usually the result of a short circuit. It is essential to cut the
electrical source of ignition and exclude the oxygen. Beware of using water against such fire to
prevent electric shocks. If there is no other alternative, water glycol extinguishers could be used
in short shots.
· Class D Fire – Metal Fire
Metal fire involves certain combustible metals (e.g., magnesium, titanium, potassium, sodium).
These metals burn at high temperatures and give off sufficient oxygen to support combustion.
They may react violently with water or other chemicals and must be handled with care.
3.5.3 General Cabin Smoke/Fire Fighting Procedures
Cabin crewmembers must alert the PIC of any smoke in the cabin immediately and provide
status reports on a regular basis. When reporting any indications of a potential problem,
crewmembers should clearly define the area of the smoke origin, as well as its density, colour,
and odour.
Fire fighting principles aim at limiting the area of fire by eliminating any one of its three
components: i.e., cutting the source of ignition, cooling the heat (by water glycol fire
extinguishers, liquids) or by smothering the fire by isolating it from oxygen (halon extinguishers,
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Cabin Safety Compendium 客舱安全手册(16)
