3.52 Dr Winder went on to comment:
The label was modified after 1992. The small square is the warning on the
pre-1992 label and the warnings are now in this white box in 13 languages.
It says:
Warning!
Contains Tricresyl Phosphate.
Swallowing this product can cause nervous system disorders including paralysis.
Prolonged or repeated breathing of oil mist, or prolonged or repeated skin contact can cause
nervous system effects.54
3.53 According to Dr Winder; “The important thing is it is recognised that the tri-
orthocresyl, especially the orthocresyl phosphate containing molecules in the tri-orthocresyl mixture, cause nervous system effects.”55 He went on to state; “While I accept it is unlikely that anybody flying and exposed to this material is going to get paralysis sufficient that they would need to be put in a wheelchair for the rest of their lives, I do not accept that lesser exposures do not cause other nervous system or even neuro behavioural effects.”56
3.54 In Mobil Australia’s supplementary submission to the inquiry the company dealt with the issue of how their cans of Mobil Oil II came to be labelled in the way they are. According to the company:
… animal studies showed the jet oils tested, containing a maximum of 3% TCP, might be potentially harmful. Subsequently we updated the product Material Safety Data Sheets to include this information and recommended that exposure via skin, inhalation and ingestion be minimised. The emphasis was on ingestion as there had been reports that individuals in certain developing countries may have suffered from delayed neurotoxic effects after ingestion of foodstuffs or beverages adulterated with aryl phosphate esters. …
and
A formal risk assessment was conducted by Mobil in 1990 which provided confirmation that ingestion was, in fact, the principal route of exposure that could potentially produce neurotoxic effects. Because of the ingestions that had earlier been reported, it was decided that communication (through labelling) of this potential ingestion hazard to individuals working directly with the jet oils was appropriate. The risk assessment clearly showed that a potentially harmful dose is not possible via inhalation at levels at or even higher than Threshold Limit Value of 5.0 mg/m3 for the oil mist. These levels would produce a clearly visible oil mist. Also, an accidental contamination of the entire body surface with an oil containing 3% TCP for 6 hours would not result in the absorption of more than an estimated non-toxic single dose. …
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