According to Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) provided by the Australian Federation of Air Pilots and Mobil Oil Australia Ltd, Mobil Jet Oil II contains >90 per cent synthetic esters and <10 per cent additives and /or other ingredients 3% (or 1-5%) TCP and 1% (or 1-5%) PAN. A MSDS from 1992 also lists 2-naphthalenamine, N-phenyl (CAS No 135-88-6) as an ingredient. This chemical, also known as phenyl-beta-naphthylamine (PBN) is listed in the Australian Inventory of Chemical Substances, too.
Tricresyl phosphate (TCP)
When heated to decomposition, it can emit highly toxic fumes of phosphorous oxides (HSDB 1999). …The critical effects of TCP include delayed neuropathy ascribed to the TOCP isomer and reproductive toxicity.
Neuropathy may occur after both single and repeated exposure to TOCP and is similar in its mechanism of action and manifestations to the delayed nerve damage induced by other organophosphates. Clinical signs of paralysis typically appear after a latency period of 1-4 weeks. Histologically, there are degenerative changes in the axons which gradually spread towards the cell body. The lesions are attributed to the metabolite saligenin cyclic ortho-tolyl phoshate, which irreversibly inhibits a subset of nervous system esterases called neuropathy target esterases (NTE). …
The neurotoxicity of jet engine oil containing TCP has been reviewed in a recent paper from Mobil Business Resources Corporation and Mobil Technology Company (Mackerer et all 1999). The paper states that although it has been known for many years that TCP contains neurotoxic components, lubricant formulators have been reluctant to replace the additive because of its excellent performance in critical applications. …
In reproductive toxicity studies in rates and mice, TOCP has been shown to cause histopathological damage to the testes and ovaries, morphological changes in sperm, decreased fertility in both sexes and decreased litter size and viability, against without a clear cut no observed effect level.
Human health effects
There are numerous case reports of human poisoning with TCP as result of ingestion of adulterated or contaminated beverages, foods or drugs (IPCS, 1990). In some cases transient gastro-intestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea have occurred shortly after the ingestion, whereas the neurological symptoms are characteristically delayed and persistent. Initially, there are pain and parasthesia in the lower extremities with a mild impairment of cutaneous sensations and, at times, of vibratory sense. Muscle weakness may progress to paralysis of the lower extremities, with or without an involvement of the upper extremities. Recovery can be extremely slow and extend over a period of months or years. …
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