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18.8.2 Obstacles
Significant obstacles shall be shown.
18.6.1 1 Escarpments
18.8.3 Prohibited, restricted and
Recommendation.- Escarpments should be shown when danger areas
they are prominent landmarks or when cultural detail is very
sparse. Recommendation.- Prohibited, restricted and danger
areas should be shown when considered to be of importance
to air navigation.
18.6.12 Wooded areas
Recommendation.- Wooded areas of large extent should
be shown.
18.8.4 Air traffic services system
18.8.4.1 Recommendation.- Significant elements of the
air trafic services system should be shown when considered to
18.6.13 Date of topographic information be of importance to air navigation.
18.8.4.2 Recommendation.- Where appropriate, the
air defence identification zone (ADIZ) should be shown and
properly identifled.
The date of latest information shown on the topographic base
shall be indicated in the margin.
Note.- ADIZ procedures may be described in the chart
legend.
18.6.14 Colours
18.6.14.1 Recommendation.- Subdued colours should
be used for the chart background to facilitate plotting.
18.8.5 Radio navigation aids
18.6.14.2 Recommendation.- Good colour contrast
should be ensured to emphasize features important to visual
air navigation.
Note.- Radio aids to navi~ation may be shown by the
appropriate symbol and named.
CHAPTER 19. PLOTTING CHART - ICAO
19.1 Function
This chart shall provide a means of maintaining a continuous
flight record of the aircraft position by various fixing methods
and dead reckoning in order to maintain an intended flight
path.
19.2 Availability
Recommendation.- This chart should be ntade available,
in the manner prescribed in 1.3.2, to cover major air routes
over oceanic areas and sparsely settled areas used by
international civil aviation.
Note.- In areas where the Enroute Chart - ICAO is
provided there may be no requirement for a plotting chart.
19.3 Coverage and scale
19.3.1 Recommendation.- Where practicable, the chart
for a particular region should cover major air routes and their
terminals on a single sheet.
19.3.2 Recommendation.- The scale should be governed
by the area to be covered.
Note.- Normally the scale will range from 1:3 000 000 to
1:7 500 000.
19.4 Format
Recommendation.- The sheet should be of a size that can
be adapted for use on a navigator's plotting table.
19.5.2.1 Recommendation.- The intervals should be
arranged to permit accurate plotting to be carried out with a
minimum of time and effort.
19.5.2.2 Graduation marks shall be shown at consistent
intervals along an appropriate number of parallels and
meridians. The interval selected shall, regardless of scale,
minimize the amount of interpolation required for accurate
plotting.
19.5.2.3 Recommendation.- Parallels and meridians
should be numbered so that a number appears at least once
every IS cm (6 in) on the face of the chart.
19.5.2.4 If a navigational grid is shown on charts
covering the higher latitudes, it shall comprise lines parallel to
the Meridian or anti-Meridian of Greenwich.
19.6 Identification
Each sheet shall be identified by chart series and number.
19.7 Culture and topography
19.7.1 Generalized shore lines of all open water areas,
large lakes and rivers shall be shown.
19.7.2 Spot elevations for selected features constituting a
hazard to air navigation shall be shown.
19.7.3 Recommendation.- Particularly hazardous or
prominent relief features should be emphasized.
Note.- Large cities and towns may be shown.
19.8 Magnetic variation
19.5 Projection 19.8.1 Isogonals or, in higher latitudes, isogrivs, or both,
shall be shown at consistent intervals throughout the chart. The
19.5.1 Recommendation.- A conformal projection on interval selected shall, regardless of scale, minimize the
which a straight line approximates a great circle should be amount of interpolation required.
used.
19.8.2 The date of the isogonic information shall be
19.5.2 Parallels and meridians shall be shown. shown.
ANNEX 4 19-1 1/11/OI
Annex 4 - Aeronautical Charts Chapter 19
19.9 Aeronautical data
19.9.1 The following aeronautical data shall be shown:
1) aerodromes regularly used by international commercial
air transport together with their names;
2) selected radio aids to navigation that will contribute to
position-finding together with their names and identifications;
3) lattices of long-range electronic aids to navigation, as
required;
4) boundaries of flight information regions, control areas
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