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d) for non-precision approaches, the final approach descent
angle to the nearest one hundredth of a degree.
CHAPTER 12. VISUAL APPROACH CHART - ICAO
12.1 Function
This chart shall provide flight crews with information which
will enable them to transit from the en-routeldescent to
approach phases of flight to the runway of intended landing by
means of visual reference.
12.2 Availability
The Visual Approach Chart - ICAO shall be made available
in the rilarlrler prescribed in 1.3.2 for all aerodrorlles used by
international civil aviation where:
1) only limited navigation facilities are available; or
2) radio communication facilities are not available; or
3) no adequate aeronautical charts of the aerodrome and its
surroundings at 1 :SO0 000 or greater scale are available;
or
4) visual approach procedures have been established.
12.3 Scale
12.3.1 The scale shall be sufficiently large to permit
depiction of significant features and indication of the aerodrome
layout.
12.3.2 Recommendation.- The scale should not be
smaller than 1:500 000.
Note.- A scale of 1:250 000 or 1:200 000 is preferred.
12.3.3 Kecommendation.- When an Instrument Approach
Chart is available for a given aerodrome, the Visual
Approach Chart should be drawn to the same scale.
12.4 Format
Recommendation.- The sheer size should be 210x
148 mm (8.27 x 5.82 in).
Note.- It would be advantageous to print the charts in
several colours, selected to provide muximum legibility in
varying degrees and kinds of light.
12.5 Projection
12.5.1 A conformal projection on which a straight line
approximates a great circle shall be used.
12.5.2 Recommendation.- Graduation marks should be
placed at consistent intervals along the neat lines.
12.6 Identification
The chart shall be identified by the name of the city or town
which the aerodrome serves and the name of the aerodrome.
127 Culture and topography
12.7.1 Natural and cultural landmarks shall be shorn
(e.g. bluffs, cliffs, sand dunes, cities, towns, roads, railroads,
isolated lighthouses, etc.).
12.7.1.1 Recommendation.- Geographical place names
should be included only when they are required to avou
confusion or ambiguity.
12.7.2 Shore lines, lakes, rivers and streams shall be
shown.
12.7.3 Relief shall be shown in a manner best suited to
the particular elevation and obstacle characteristics of the area
covered by the chart.
12.7.4 Recommendation, When shown, spot elevations
should be carefully selected.
Note.- The value of certain spot elevationsheights in
relation to both mean sea level and aerodrome elevation may
be given.
12.7.5 The figures relating to different reference levels
shall be clearly differentiated in their presentation.
12.8 Magnetic variation
The magnetic variation shall be shown.
ANNEX 4 12-1
Annex 4 - Aeronautical Charts Chapter 12
12.9 Bearings, tracks and radials
12.9.1 Bearings, tracks and radials shall be magnetic
except as provided for in 12.9.2.
12.9.2 Recommendation.- In areas of high latitude
where it is determined by the appropriate authority that
reference to Magnetic North is impractical another suitable
reference, i.e. True North or Grid North, should be used.
12.9.3 Where bearings, tracks or radials are given with
reference to True North or Grid North, this shall be clearly
indicated. When Grid North is used its reference grid meridian
shall be identified.
12.10.2.3.1 When the heights of obstacles are shown, the
height datum shall be stated in a prominent position on the
chart and the heights shall be given in parentheses on the chart.
12.10.3 Prohibited, restricted and danger areas
Prohibited areas, restricted areas, and danger areas shall be
depicted with their identification and vertical limits.
12.10.4 Designated airspace
Where applicable, control zones and aerodrome traffic zones
shall be depicted with their vertical limits and the appropriate
class of airspace.
12.10 Aeronautical data
12.10.5 Visual approach information
12.10.1 Aerodromes
12.10.1.1 All aerodromes shall be shown by the runway
pattern. Restrictions on the use of any landing direction shall
be indicated. Where there is any risk of confusion between two
neighbouring aerodromes this shall be indicated. Abandoned
aerodromes shall be identified as abandoned.
12.10.1.2 The aerodrome elevation shall be shown in a
prominent position on the chart.
12.10.2 Obstacles
12.10.2.1 Significant obstacles shall be shown and
identified.
12.10.2.2 The elevation of the top of obstacles shall be
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