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2.8.1 The symbols of the Roman alphabet shall be used
for all writing.
2.8.2 The names of places and of geographical features in
countries which officially use varieties of the Roman alphabet
shall be accepted in their official spelling, including the
accents and diacritical marks used in the respective alphabets.
2.8.3 Where a geographical term such as "cape", "point",
"gulf', "river", is abbreviated on any particular chart, that
word shall be spelt out in full in the language used by the
publishing agency, in respect of the most important example of
each type. Punctuation marks shall not be used in
abbreviations within the body of a chart.
2.8.4 Recommendation.- In areas where romanized
names have not been ojjicially produced or adopted, and
outside the territory of Contracting States, names should be
transliterated from the non-Roman alphabet form by the
system generally used by the producing agency.
2.9 Abbreviations
2.9.1 Abbreviations shall be used on aeronautical charts
whenever they are appropriate.
2.9.2 Recommendation.- Where applicable. abbreviations
should be selected from the Procedures for Air
Navigation Services - ICAO Abbreviations and Codes
(Doc 8400).
2.10 Political boundaries
2.10.1 International boundaries shall be shown, but may
be interrupted if data more important to the use of the chart
would be obscured.
2.10.2 Where the territory of more than one State appears
on a chart, the names identifying the countries shall be
indicated.
Note.- In the case of a dependent territory, the name of
the sovereign State may be added in brackets.
2.11 Colours
The date of validity of aeronautical information shall be Recommendation.- Colours used on charts should conclearly
indicated on the face of each chart. form to Appendix 3 - Cololir Guide.
Chapter 2 Annex 4 - Aeronautical Charts
2.12 Relief
2.12.1 Relief, where shown, shall be portrayed in a
manncr that will satisfy thc chart uscrs' need for:
a) orientation and identification;
b) safe terrain clearance;
c) clarity of aeronautical information when shown;
d) planning.
Note.- Relief is usually portrayed by combinations of
contours, hypsometric tints, spot elevations and hill shading,
the choice of method being aflected by the nature and scale of
the chart and its intended use.
2.12.2 Recommendation.- Where relief is shown by
hypsometric tints, the tints used should be based on those
shown in the Hypsornetrir Tint Guide in Appendix 4.
2.12.3 Where spot elevations are used they shall be
shown for selected critical points.
2.12.3.1 The value of spot elevations of doubtful
accuracy shall be followed by the sign +.
2.13 Prohibited, restricted and
danger areas
When prohibited, restricted or danger areas are shown, the
reference or other identification shall be included, except that
the nationality letters may be omitted.
Note.- Nationality letters are those contained in Doc 7910
- Location Indicators.
2.14 Air traftic services airspaces
2.14.1 When ATS airspace is shown on a chart, the class
of airspace, the type, name or call sign, the vertical limits and
the radio frequency(ies) to be used shall be indicated and the
horizontal limits depicted in accordance with Appendix 2 -
ICAO Chart Symbols.
2.14.2 Recommendation.- On charts used for visual
flight, those parts of the ATS Airspace Classifications table in
Annex I1 applicable to the airspace depicted on the chart
should be on the face or reverse of each chart.
2.15 Magnetic variation
2.15.1 True North and magnetic variation shall be
indicated. The order of resolution of magnetic variation shall
be that as specified for a particular chart.
2.15.2 Recommendation.- When magnetic variation is
shown on a chart, the values shown should be those for the
year nearest to the date of publication that is divisible by 5,
i.e. 1980, 1985, etc. IIZ exceptional cases where the current
value would be more than one degree digerent, afrer applying
the calculation for annual change, an interim date and value
should be quoted.
Note.- The date and the annual change may be shown.
2.16 Typography
Note.- Samples of type suitable for use on aeronautical
charts are included in the Aeronautical Chart Manual
(Doc 8697).
2.17 Aeronautical data
2.17.1 Each Contracting State shall take all necessary
measures to introduce a properly organized quality system
containing procedures, processes and resources necessary to
implement quality management at each function stage as
outlined in Annex 15, 3.1.7. The execution of such quality
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