getting to grips with surveillance(48)

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In addition, the CP112E predicts the vertical separation at CPA, taking into account current vertical speeds. When aircraft are predicted to get nearer than below a given threshold, reversal of RA is authorized for aircraft vertically nearer than 100 ft.
Latencies in RA reversals are tailored in order to make the most of initial RA (RA reversal not too early) and to avoid additional RA reversals (too late RA reversals).
3.1.6.2.  CP115 – SOLUTION TO THE “ADJUST VERTICAL SPEED, ADJUST” ISSUE
The RA “ADJUST VERTICAL SPEED, ADJUST” is always an order to reduce the vertical speed. Most of the time, an opposite reaction to such an RA leads to a significant reduction of the vertical separation with the intruder and a significant augmentation of the collision risk.
A large number of unintentional opposite reactions to this RA has been observed. The main causes identified are:
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The lack of training on the particular RA “ADJUST VERTICAL SPEED, ADJUST”

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The lack of explicit indications in the RA “ADJUST VERTICAL SPEED, ADJUST”

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The difficulties to interpret VSI indications.

To simplify the procedure, the CP115 replaces the RA “ADJUST VERTICAL SPEED, ADJUST” by a new RA “LEVEL OFF”. In the TCAS II Change 7.0, there are currently four RA “ADJUST VERTICAL SPEED, ADJUST” with different vertical speed targets: 0, 500, 1 000, and 2 000 ft/min. The introduction of the new RA “LEVEL OFF” (one RA upwards and one RA downwards) make the last three RA above useless. It reduces the set of RA and simplifies the training.

3.1.7. TCAS INDICATIONS
In addition to aural alerts, PFD, ND, and EWD display TCAS indications. The ND provides the surrounding aircraft position. The PFD provides the avoidance maneuver orders. EWD provides memos and warnings relative to the TCAS.
3.1.7.1. TCAS DISPLAY
3.1.7.1.1. Navigation Display – ND
- When TCAS is able to acquire the bearing of surrounding aircraft, the ND displays surrounding aircraft according to their threat category (i.e. OTHER, PROXIMATE, TA or RA).
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For surrounding aircraft equipped with Mode A transponder, the ND displays the surrounding aircraft according to their bearing and range only.

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For surrounding aircraft equipped with Mode C or S transponder, the ND displays the surrounding aircraft according to their bearing, range, vertical separation and vertical speed trend.

- When TCAS is not able to acquire the bearing (e.g. multi-path propagation) of surrounding aircraft, the ND displays a literal indication only (e.g. 5.01 NM +01 ↓). The literal indication includes the range, the vertical separation in hundreds of feet and the vertical speed trend. The same color-coding applies as the one used for graphical indications.
The TCAS display on ND is available in ROSE and ARC modes. See Figure 3-7.
　
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