For more details, please refer to your FCOM.
Several ATC/TCAS panels are available for A300/A310/A320/A330/A340 aircraft. An airline may choose one single ATC/TCAS panel for all its entire fleet regardless of the transponder model. Figure 2-2 gives an example of ATC/TCAS panel. Other ATC/TCAS panels are illustrated at http://www.gableseng.com/platform.asp.
Note: The flight crew must not confuse the transponder STBY mode with the TCAS STBY mode. Refer to Safety First Magazine, Edition #4, June 2007 “Do you know your ATC/TCAS panel?” (See AIRBUS References): Figure 2-2: Example of ATC/TCAS panel On board an aircraft departing from London Heathrow, a serious incident occurred. The flight crew switched the transponder STBY. The aircraft became invisible to ATC radar beacon. The flight crew confuses the TCAS STBY mode with the XPDR STBY mode, following an ECAM procedure (TCAS MODE ……STBY).
2.2. AIRCRAFT IDENTIFICATION AND POSITION REPORTING WITH ADS-B
The objectives of aircraft identification and position reporting with ADS-B are to:
- Provide surveillance services where SSR does not exist. There are some areas where the weak air traffic does not justify the installation of SSR. However, the provision of surveillance services may greatly improve the air traffic management.
4 Except for A380 ND where a white indication TCAS STBY is displayed when TRAF is selected on EFIS.
- Decommission redundant SSR installations. Indeed, several SSR may cover a same airspace, especially near international boundaries. The use of ADS-B instead of SSR should reduce ATC charges.
The benefits of ADS-B upon SSR are:
- Cost effectiveness: as the ADS-B receiver is far less complex than the SSR
(e.g. the ADS-B receiver does not have any moving parts contrary to SSR with a rotating antenna), an ADS-B receiver costs ten time less than a SSR
- Better surveillance quality thanks to GPS position5 and higher refresh rate (ADS-B: 0.5 s, SSR: 5 s)
- Improved traffic situational awareness in the cockpit thanks to ADS-B IN applications (refer to 3.6 – Description of ATSAW)
- Reduced electro-magnetic pollution thanks to the use of squitters. Contrary to SSRs, ADS-B receivers do not emit any signals. In addition, emissions from SSRs are more powerful than the ones from aircraft.
Any ATC ground stations equipped with ADS-B receivers are able to collect data broadcast by surrounding ADS-B aircraft. There are three types of ADS-B service according to the area where the ADS-B service is provided: in non-radar areas, in radar areas, on airport surfaces. These new services are part of the European CASCADE program and will be deployed progressively over the
European airspaces (refer to Appendix A – Worldwide ADS-B implementation).
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