2. AIRCRAFT IDENTIFICATION AND POSITION REPORTING
2.1
Description of Transponder 2-3
2.1.1
Mode A 2-4
2.1.2
Mode C 2-4
2.1.3
Mode S 2-4
2.1.3.1
Mode S Data Link 2-5
2.1.3.2
Elementary Surveillance (ELS) 2-5
2.1.3.3
Enhanced Surveillance (EHS) 2-5
2.1.3.7
Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast (ADS-B) 2-6
2.1.3.8
Extended Squitter 2-7
2.1.3.9
1090 Extended Squitter 2-7
2.1.4
Transponder Controls 2-8
2.2
Aircraft Identification and Position Reporting with ADS-B 2-8
2.2.1 ADS-B Surveillance in Non-Radar Areas (ADS-B NRA) 2-9
2.2.2 ADS-B surveillance in Radar Areas (ADS-B RAD) 2-10
2.2.3 ADS-B Surveillance on Airport Surfaces (ADS-B APT) 2-10
2.2.4 Generic Emergency Indicator
2-11
2.2.5
Discrete Emergency Codes 2-11
2.2.6
DO-260 and DO-260A 2-11
2.2.7
Geographical Filtering of SQWK Code 2-12
2.2.8
Version Number 2-12
2.2.9
Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) / 2-12 Fault Detection and Exclusion (FDE)
2.2.10
GPS Horizontal Figure of Merit (HFOM) 2-13
2.2.11
GPS Horizontal Protection Limit (HPL) 2-13
2.2.12
Selective Availability (SA) 2-13
2.2.13
Navigational Uncertainty Category (NUC) 2-14
2.2.14
Navigation Integrity Category (NIC) 2-14
2.2.15
Navigational Accuracy Category (NAC) 2-14
2.2.16
Surveillance Integrity Level (SIL) 2-14
2.2.17
ADS-B Controls and Indications 2-15
2.3
Aircraft Identification and Position Reporting with Wide 2-15 Area Multilateration
2.4
Aircraft identification and Position Reporting with FANS 2-17
2.5 Operational Recommendations for Transponder 2-17
2.5.1 Conventional Transponder Operations 2-17
2.5.1.1 For the Airline 2-17
2.5.1.2 For the Flight Crew 2-18
2.5.2 ADS-B Operations 2-18
2.5.2.1 For the Airline 2-18
2.5.2.2 For the Flight Crew 2-18
2.6 Regulations for Transponder 2-19
2.6.1 Carriage of Transponder 2-19
2.6.2 Operational Approval of ADS-B OUT 2-20
2.7 Manufacturers for Transponder 2-21
2.7.1 ACSS XS 950 2-22
2.7.3 Rockwell Collins TPR 901 2-22
2.7.4 Honeywell TRA 67A 2-22
2.8 Future Systems 2-22
Since the beginning of the aviation history, air traffic controllers have used the surveillance radar for years. Today, other surveillance methods are available with the emergence of new technologies: Automatic Dependent Surveillance 中国航空网 www.aero.cn 航空翻译 www.aviation.cn 本文链接地址：getting to grips with surveillance(26)
