.
Selected
Both climb modes can be flown with either managed or selected speed.
Managed Climb Mode
The managed AP/FD mode in climb is CLB. Its use is recommended as long as the aircraft is cleared along the F-PLN. Although CLB mode will try to observe altitude constraints, the next climb altitude is always set on the FCU. CLB mode will not adjust aircraft speed to achieve altitude constraints.
Selected Climb Mode
The selected AP/FD modes in climb are OP CLB or V/S.
OP CLB is to be used if ATC gives radar vector or clears the aircraft direct to a given FL without any climb constraints. Any programmed FMGS climb constraints will be ignored.
The use of low values of V/S, e.g. 1000 fpm or less, may be appropriate for small altitude changes as it makes the guidance smoother and needs less thrust variation. In areas of high traffic density, low values of vertical speed will reduce the possibility of nuisance TCAS warnings. As a guide, a value of +1000 ft/min is appropriate when in close proximity to other aircraft. The A/THR mode will automatically revert to SPEED and adjust thrust to maintain the target speed.
Whenever V/S is used, pay particular attention to the speed trend as V/S takes precedence over speed requirements. If the pilot selects too high a V/S, the aircraft may be unable achieve both the selected V/S and target speed with Max Climb thrust. In this case, the AP/FD will guide to the target V/S, and the A/THR will command up to Max Climb thrust and allow the speed to decelerate. When VLS is reached the AP will pitch the aircraft down so as to fly at a V/S to maintain VLS.
Climb
FCTM REV 1 (6 JUN 05)
SPEED CONSIDERATIONS Managed
The managed climb speed, computed by the FMGS, provides the most economical climb profile as it takes into account weight, actual and predicted winds, ISA deviation and Cost Index (CI). The managed climb speed also takes into account any speed constraints, e.g. the default speed limit, which is normally 250 kt up to 10000 ft. At heavy weights, Green Dot can be greater than 250 kt. In this case, the aircraft accelerates to Green Dot even though the magenta speed target on the PFD indicates 250 kt. When the default speed limit no longer applies, the magenta speed target becomes ECON climb speed and the aircraft will accelerate.
Selected
If necessary, the climb speed can be selected on the FCU. This may be required to comply with climb constraints, ATC clearances or during weather avoidance or penetration.
The speed to achieve the maximum rate of climb, i.e. to reach a given altitude in the shortest time, is situated between ECON climb speed and Green Dot. There is no specific indication of this speed on the PFD. A rule of thumb to achieve maximum rate climb is to select 285 kt/0.78M.
The speed to achieve the maximum gradient of climb, i.e. to reach a given altitude in a shortest distance, is Green Dot. The PERF CLB page displays the time and distance required to achieve the selected altitude by climbing at Green Dot speed under the "Expedite" heading. Avoid reducing to Green Dot at high altitude, particularly at heavy weight, as it can take a long time to accelerate to cruise mach number. There is no operational benefit from selecting a speed lower than green dot. When IAS is selected, there is no automatic changeover to Mach.
ALTITUDE CONSIDERATIONS
The PROG page provides:
. REC MAX FL . OPT FL
5.10.4
A330/A340 Climb, Cruise And Descent
REV 1 (6 JUN 05)
FCTM Climb
REC MAX FL
The recommended maximum flight level is computed as a function of present gross weight and temperature. It provides a 0.3 g buffet margin, a 300 ft/min rate of climb at maximum climb thrust and level flight at maximum cruise thrust. It is limited to FL411. If a FL higher than REC MAX is inserted into the MCDU, it will be accepted only if it provides a buffet margin greater than 0.2 g. Otherwise, it will be rejected and the message "CRZ ABOVE MAX FL" will appear on the MCDU scratchpad. Flight above FL411 is prohibited and MCDU entries above FL411 will be rejected with the message "ENTRY OUT OF RANGE".
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