A330/A340 机组训练手册 FCTM Flight Crew Training Manual(22)

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On straight taxiways and for shallow turns, use the rudder pedal steering, but be prepared to use the steering handwheel if required.
When exiting a tight turn allow the aircraft to roll forward for a short distance before stopping to minimise the stress on the main gears. Asymmetric thrust may be used in order to initiate a tight turn and to keep the aircraft moving during the turn, but should not be used to tighten the turn. Avoid stopping the aircraft in a turn, as excessive thrust will be required to start the aircraft moving again.
Simultaneous use of rudder pedal steering and steering handwheel inputs should be avoided.
STEERING TECHNIQUE AND VISUAL CUES
On straight taxiways, taxi as close to the centreline as possible while keeping the nosewheel off the taxiway centreline lights. Taxiing over the centreline lights, particularly at high speeds, is noisy and uncomfortable for the passengers. If the pilot displaces the aircraft such that his body is over the centreline, this should allow sufficient displacement from the taxiway centreline.
There are a number of factors that govern when a turn should be initiated. The main gear on the inside of a turn always cuts the corner and tracks inside of the nosewheel track. For this reason, the "over-steer" technique must be used. As the turn is commenced, steer the nosewheel far enough outside the centreline to keep the main gear evenly straddling the centreline. Be aware that the nose gear is 5m behind the flight deck and the main gear (A333/A343: 30m)(A346: 35m) behind the flight deck.
For turns of 90. or more, speed should be below 10 kt. Smoothly initiate the turn as the intersecting taxiway centreline (or intended exit point) approaches the centre of the nearside window or aft edge of the offside windshield.
3.30.4

A330/A340 Pre-Start, Start And Taxi
REV 1 (6 JUN 05)
FCTM Taxi

Taxi
FCTM REV 1 (6 JUN 05)
A346 TAXI CAMERA
The Taxi Aid Camera System (TACS) can be useful in observing areas beneath the aircraft. The TACS is designed to aid in determining the nose and main gear position prior to and during taxiing and its use should be limited to these functions. Direct visual observation out of the cockpit window remains the primary means of determining when to initiate turns and verifying the aircraft’s position relative to the intended ground track. The oversteer technique is required before entering a turn. Once stable in the turn, the magenta square on the upper section of the TACS display tracks close to the taxiway centre line. The TACS display may be used sparingly to determine the proximity of the gear to taxiway edges and when the main gear has cleared the turn. Do not fixate on the TACS display at the expense of aircraft control.
No crew procedure or action, except use while taxiing, is predicated on the use of TACS. The ECAM remains the primary means of alerting crew to non-normal situations. TACS use during take-off, approach and landing is prohibited. Certain state authorities prohibit the display of the TACS view within the cabin.
TAXI SPEED AND BRAKING
On long straight taxiways and with no ATC or other ground traffic constraints, allow the aircraft to accelerate towards 30 kt and then use one smooth brake application to decelerate towards 15 kt. Do not "ride" the brakes. The ND ground speed read out should be used to assess taxi speed.
CARBON BRAKES
Carbon Brake wear is a function of the number of brake applications and brake temperature. The wear is not a function of the pressure applied or the duration of the braking. The only way to minimise brake wear is to reduce the number of applications.
BRAKE TEMPERATURE
The FCOM limits brake temperature to 300.C before commencement of take-off. This limit ensures that any hydraulic fluid which might come into contact with the brake units would not be ignited after gear retraction. It does not provide protection against an elevated brake temperature after gear retraction resulting from a dragging brake. Experience indicates that brake temperatures close to 300.C tend to reduce during taxi-out provided correct braking technique is used and no mechanical abnormality exists.
　
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