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should not exceed halfthe length of the take-off run available.
runway strip. See, however, 3.5.11.
Slopes on runway end safety areas Width of clearways
3.6.3 Recommendation.- A clearway should extend
3.5.8 General laterally to a distance of at least 75 m on each side of the
extended centre line of the runway.
Recommendation.- The slopes of a runway end safety
area should be such that no part of the runway end safety area
penetrates the approach or take-off climb su$ace.
Slopes on clearways
3.5.9 Longitudinal slopes 3.6.4 Recommendation.- The ground in a clearway
should not project above a plane having an upward slope of
Recommendation.- The longitudinal slopes of a runway 1.25 per cent, the lower limit of this plane being a horizontal
end safety area should not exceed a downward slope of 5 per line which:
cent. Longitudinal slope changes should be as gradual as
practicable and abrupt changes or sudden reversals of slopes a) is perpendicular to the vertical plane containing the
avoided. runway centre line; and
3.5.10 Transverse slopes
Recommendation.- The transverse slopes of a runway
end safety area should not exceed an upward or downward
slope of 5 per cent. Transitions between dzffering slopes
should be as gradual as practicable.
Strength of runway end safety areas
3.5.11 Recommendation.- A runway end safety area
should be so prepared or constructed as to reduce the risk of
damage to an aeroplane undershooting or overrunning the
runway, enhance aeroplane deceleration and facilitate the
movement of rescue and fire fighting vehicles as required in
9.2.26 to 9.2.28.
Note.- Guidance on strength of a runway end safety area
is given in the Aerodrome Design Manual, Part 1.
3.6 Clearways
b) passes through a point located on the runway centre line
at the end of the take-off run available.
Note.- Because of transverse or longitudinal slopes on a
runway, shoulder or strip, in certain cases the lower limit of
the clearway plane specified above may be below the corresponding
elevation of the runway, shoulder or strip. It is not
intended that these su$aces be graded to conform with the
lower limit of the clearway plane nor is it intended that terrain
or objects which are above the cleanvay plane beyond the end
of the strip but below the level of the strip be removed unless
it is considered they may endanger aeroplanes.
3.6.5 Recommendation.- Abrupt upward changes in
slope should be avoided when the slope on the ground in a
clearway is relatively small or when the mean slope is upward.
In such situations, in that portion of the clearway within a
distance of 22.5 m or half the runway width whichever is
greater on each side of the extended centre line, the slopes,
slope changes and the transition fi.om runway to clearway
should generally conform with those of the runway with which
the clearway is associated.
Note.- The inclusion of detailed specifications for Objects on clearways
clearways in this section is not intended to imply that a
clearway has to be provided. Attachment A, Section 2 provides Note.- See 9.9 for information regarding siting of
information on the use of clearways. equipment and installations on clearways.
Annex I4 -Aerodromes Volume I
3.6.6 Recommendation.- An object situated on a clearway
which may endanger aeroplanes in the air should be
regarded as an obstacle and should be removed.
3.7 Stopways
Note.- The inclusion of detailed specifications for stopways
in this section is not intended to imply that a stopway has
to be provided. Attachment A, Section 2 provides information
on the use of stopways.
Width of stopways
3.7.1 A stopway shall have the same width as the runway
with which it is associated.
Slopes on stopways
3.7.2 Recommendation.- Slopes and changes in slope
on a stopway, and the transitionfiom a runway to a stopway,
should comply with the specifications of 3.1.12 to 3.1.18 for
the runway with which the stopway is associated except that:
a) the limitation in 3.1.13 of a 0.8 per cent slope for the
first and last quarter of the length of a runway need not
be applied to the stopway; and
b) at the junction of the stopway and runway and along the
stopway the maximum rate of slope change may be
0.3 per cent per 30 m (minimum radius of curvature of
10 000 m) for a runway where the code number is 3 or 4.
Strength of stopways
3.7.3 Recommendation.- A stopway should be prepared
or constructed so as to be capable, in the event of an
abandoned take-off; of supporting the aeroplane which the
stopway is intended to serve without inducing structural
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