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of the aeroplane is appropriate and that the overall level of
safety intended by the provisions of Annexes 6 and 8 is
provided by:
a) the reliability of the turbine engine;
b) the operator's maintenance procedures, operating
practices, flight dispatch procedures and crew training
programmes; and
c) equipment and other requirements provided in accordance
with Appendix 3.
5.4.2 All single-engine turbine-powered aeroplanes
operated at night and/or in IMC shall have an engine trend
monitoring system, and those aeroplanes for which the
individual certificate of airworthiness is fmt issued on or after
1 January 2005 shall have an automatic trend monitoring
system.
Chapter 6 Annex 6 - Opemtion of Aircmfl
Note 2.- Combination recorders (FDRKVR) can only be
wed to meet the flight recorder equipage requirements as
specifically indicated in this Annex.
Note 3.- Detailed guidance on flight recorders is
contained in Attachment D.
6.3.1 Flight data recorders - types
6.3.1.1 A Type I FDR shall record the parameters
required to determine accurately the aeroplane flight path,
speed, attitude, engine power, configuration and operation.
6.3.1.2 Types I1 and IIA FDRs shdl record the
parameters required to determine accurately the aeroplane
flight path, speed, attitude, engine power and configuration of
lift and drag devices.
6.3.1.3 The use. of engraving metal foil FDRs shall be
discontinued by 1 January 1995.
6.3.1.4 Recommendation.- The use of analogue FDRs
usingfrequency modulation (FM) should be discontinued by 5
November 1998.
6.3.1.4.1 The use of photographic film FDRs shall be
discontinued from 1 January 2003.
6.3.1.5 All aeroplanes for which the individual certificate
of airworthiness is fmt issued after 1 January 2005, which
utilize data link communications and are required to carry a
CVR, shall record on a flight recorder, all data link comrnunications
to and from the aeroplane. The minimum recording
duration shall be equal to the duration of the CVR, and shall
be correlated to the recorded cockpit audio.
6.3.1.5.1 From 1 January 2007, all aeroplanes which
utilize data link communications and are required to carry a
CVR shall record on a flight recorder, all data link
communications to and from the aeroplane. The minimum
recording duration shall be equal to the duration of the CVR,
and shall be correlated to the recorded cockpit audio.
6.3.1.5.2 Sufficient information to derive the content of
the data link communications message and, whenever
practical, the time the message was displayed to or generated
by the crew shall be recorded.
Note.- Data link communications include, but are not
limited to, automatic dependent surveillance (ADS),
controller-pilot data link communications (CPDLC), data linkflight
information services (D-FIS) and aeronautical
operational control (AOC) messages
6.3.1.6 Recommendation.- All aeroplanes of a maximum
certificated take-off mass over 5 700 kg, required to be
equipped with an FDR and a CVR, may alternatively be
equipped with two combination recorders (FDWCVR).
6.3.1.7 Recommendation.- All multi-engined turbinepowered
aeroplanes of a maximum cen8cated take-of mass
of 5 700 kg or less, required to be equipped with an FDR
and/or a CVR, may alternatively be equipped with one
combination recorder (FDWCVR).
6.3.1.8 A Type IA FDR shall record the parameters
required to determine accurately the aeroplane flight path.
speed, attitude, engine power, configuration and operation. The
parameters that satisfy the requirements for a Type IA FDR are
listed in the paragraphs below. The parameters without an
asterisk (*) are mandatory parameters which shall be recorded.
In addition, the parameters designated by an asterisk (*) shall
be recorded if an information data source for the parameter is
used by aeroplane systems or the flight crew to operate the
aeroplane.
6.3.1.8.1 The following parameters satisfy the requirements
for flight path and speed:
- Pressure altitude
- Indicated airspeed or calibrated airspeed
- Air-ground status and each landing gear air-ground
sensor when practicable
- Total or outside air temperature
- Heading (primary flight crew reference)
- Normal acceleration
- Lateral acceleration
- Longitudinal acceleration (body axis)
- Time or relative time count
- Navigation data*: drift angle, wind speed, wind
direction, latituddongitude
- Groundspeed*
- Radio altitude*
6.3.1.8.2 The following parametus satisfy the requirements
for attitude:
- Pitch attitude
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