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and any delays that are expected in flight, the helicopter
carries sufficient fuel and oil to ensure that it can safely
complete the flight. In addition, a reserve shall be carried to
provide for contingencies.
2.8.2 Visual flight rules (VFR) operations. The fuel and
oil carried in order to comply with 2.8.1 shall, in the case of
VFR operations, be at least the amount sufficient to allow the
helicopter:
a) to fly to the heliport to which the flight is planned;
b) to fly thereafter for a period of 20 minutes at best-range
speed plus 10 per cent of the planned flight time; and
c) to have an additional amount of fuel, sufficient to
provide for the increased consumption on the occurrence
of potential contingencies, as determined by the State
and specified in the State regulations governing general
aviation.
2.8.3 Instrument flight rules (IFR) operations. The fuel
and oil carried in order to comply with 2.8.1 shall, in the case
of IFR operations, be at least the amount sufficient to allow the
helicopter:
2.8.3.1 When no alternate is required, in terms of 2.6.2.2,
to fly to the heliport to which the flight is planned, and
thereafter:
a) to fly 30 minutes at holding speed at 450 m (1 500 ft)
above the destination heliport under standard temperature
conditions and approach and land; and
b) to have an additional amount of fuel, sufficient to
provide for the increased consumption on the occurrence
of potential contingencies.
2.8.3.2 When an alternate is required, in terms of 2.6.2.1,
to fly to and execute an approach, and a missed approach, at
the heliport to which the flight is planned, and thereafter:
a) to fly to the alternate specified in the flight plan; and
then
b) to fly for 30 minutes at holding speed at 450 m
(1 500 ft) above the alternate under standard
temperature conditions, and approach and land; and
c) to have an additional amount of fuel sufficient to
provide for the increased consumption on the occurrence
of potential contingencies.
2.8.3.3 When no suitable alternate is available, in terms
of 2.7.1 b), to fly to the heliport to which the flight is planned
and thereafter for a period of two hours at holding speed.
2.8.4 In computing the fuel and oil required in 2.8.1, at
least the following shall be considered:
a) meteorological conditions forecast;
b) expected air traffic control routings and traffic delays;
c) for IFR flight, one instrument approach at the
destination heliport, including a missed approach;
d) the procedures for loss of pressurization, where
applicable, or failure of one power-unit while en route;
and
e) any other conditions that may delay the landing of the
helicopter or increase fuel and/or oil consumption.
Note.— Nothing in 2.8 precludes amendment of a flight
plan in flight in order to re-plan the flight to another heliport,
provided that the requirements of 2.8 can be complied with
from the point where the flight has been replanned.
2.9 Oxygen supply
Note.— Approximate altitudes in the Standard Atmosphere
corresponding to the values of absolute pressure used in the
text are as follows:
Absolute pressure Metres Feet
700 hPa 3 000 10 000
620 hPa 4 000 13 000
2.9.1 A flight to be operated at altitudes at which the
atmospheric pressure in personnel compartments will be less
than 700 hPa shall not be commenced unless sufficient stored
breathing oxygen is carried to supply:
23/11/06
No. 11
Annex 6 — Operation of Aircraft Part III
1/11/01 III-2-4
a) all crew members and 10 per cent of the passengers for
any period in excess of 30 minutes that the pressure in
compartments occupied by them will be between
700 hPa and 620 hPa;
b) the crew and passengers for any period that the
atmospheric pressure in compartments occupied by
them will be less than 620 hPa.
2.9.2 A flight to be operated with a pressurized helicopter
shall not be commenced unless a sufficient quantity of stored
breathing oxygen is carried to supply all the crew members
and a proportion of the passengers, as is appropriate to the
circumstances of the flight being undertaken, in the event of
loss of pressurization, for any period that the atmospheric
pressure in any compartment occupied by them would be less
than 700 hPa.
2.10 Use of oxygen
All flight crew members, when engaged in performing duties
essential to the safe operation of a helicopter in flight, shall
use breathing oxygen continuously whenever the circumstances
prevail for which its supply has been required in 2.9.1
or 2.9.2.
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