曝光台 注意防骗
网曝天猫店富美金盛家居专营店坑蒙拐骗欺诈消费者
EUROCONTROL, explains.
Global CNS
The cornerstone of the next
generation抯 ATM infrastructure
CNS systems require compatible air
and ground developments, and increasingly
require a systems approach
to implementation. Future types of
surveillance, for example, will make
use of navigation sources to provide
data to the ground ATC systems.
This is where EUROCONTROL and
its Member States are best able to
communicate with other key worldwide
players; FAA, Canada, Australia, Japan
and the Russian Federation, to work
on such systems in order to create
global synergy and agreement prior to
the systems being brought forward for
ICAO standardisation.
Many of the new and future systems
will be developed under the auspices
of two large-scale ATM improvement
projects: SESAR1 in Europe
and NextGen2 in the USA. Both projects,
in their own way, have the same
aims, namely to improve the capacity
and efficiency of their respective ATM
systems.
Removing fragmented systems and
harmonising based on newer, more
efficient means of ATC will reduce
costs and improve capacity. In the light
of the above, one can see how vital it is
that both of these large projects work
together to ensure that all new developments,
be they enabling systems or
ATM applications, are coordinated and
progressed such that the end products
are globally applicable and mature
enough for ICAO standardisation.
EUROCONTROL is ideally situated
to assist the facilitation between
these two programmes, for as a
founding member of the SESAR Joint
Undertaking it is promoting the development
of the new SESAR systems
and applications. Moreover, through
its Memorandum of Cooperation with
the FAA, EUROCONTROL has already
established many contacts with the
most forward-looking elements of the
FAA, NASA and US industry. Thus the
憌ill?has already been established to
ensure that all systems are globally
interoperable; the future now relies on
that 憌ill?being converted into reality.
1- Single European
Sky ATM Research
2- Next Generation
Air Transportation
System
Focus
Skyway 49 - Autumn 2008 9
To give an insight into CNS enablers,
the following paragraphs provide a short
overview of new and future activities, all
of which require coordination to ensure
that globally interoperable systems are
delivered to the end users; air navigation
service providers, airline operators and
the military.
Future systems must accommodate military
requirements so that a single set of
equipment can be used by both civil and
military agencies. This will facilitate civil/
military interoperability and drive down
implementation costs.
Communications
The field of communications is the most
basic of the ATM enablers. Established
way back in the early 30s, the radio
communications field is the oldest of
the CNS enablers. Today the world抯 airground
communications are based on
Amplitude Modulated Double Side Band
signals (AM-DSB) in the VHF band (118
MHz to 137 MHz). Over the years, in
order to keep pace with capacity requirements,
the channel spacing has been
slowly reduced from 50 kHz to 25 kHz
and now, in Europe, we have decreased
this to 8.33 kHz. In recent years, datalink
services have been introduced
through the EUROCONTROL Link 2000+
Programme for Controller Pilot Data Link
Communications (CPDLC). This also uses
VHF but with a modulation scheme designated
VDL Mode 2.
With increasing requirements for more
voice channels in order to cope with everincreasing
traffic, the VHF spectrum will
soon become saturated and there will be
no more channels to allocate. Thus three
years ago EUROCONTROL, together
with the FAA and several European air
navigation service providers, began an
investigation to assess the future and
look to develop a new digital communications
system that would replace
the current analogue systems. The
new system, termed FCI, the Future
Communications Infrastructure, will be
developed jointly within the SESAR and
NextGen Programmes. The FCI will be
a system of systems ?facilitating both
terrestrial and satellite communications
within the same box. The new system
will most probably operate in the L band,
thus reducing reliance on VHF for a
period of time. Initial studies have identified
two possible candidate systems and
prototypes will be developed and tested
中国航空网 www.aero.cn
航空翻译 www.aviation.cn
本文链接地址：
Skyway Magazine Autumn 2008(5)
