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Optional 17,000 Lb (7711 Kg) Takeoff Weight
Forward Flight Limit — F.S. 368.29 (4.0% MAC) for all weights up to and including
12,000 pounds (5443 kg) and tapers through F.S. 379.31 (17.76%
MAC) at 17,000 pounds (7711 kg) to F.S. 379.75 (18.31% MAC) at 17,200
pounds (7802 kg).
Aft Flight Limit — F.S. 381.11 (20.0% MAC) for all weights up to and including
9,000 pounds (4082 kg), tapers to F.S. 388.95 (29.8% MAC) at 12,500 pounds
(5670 kg), and remains at F.S. 388.95 (29.8% MAC) up to and including
17,200 pounds (7802 kg).
Figure 1-2A
9
5 10 15 20 25 30 35
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
CENTER-OF-GRAVITY — % MAC
WEIGHT — 1000 POUNDS
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
WEIGHT — 100 KG
Max Ramp Weight
Max Takeoff Weight
Max Zero Fuel Weight
17.76% MAC
F.S. 379.31
29.8% MAC
F.S. 388.95
4.0% MAC
F.S. 368.29
18.31% MAC
F.S. 379.75
Change 17
Limitations Learjet 31A AFM
1-6 FM-121
FAA Approved 7-25-91
Change 14
AIRSPEED/MACH LIMITS
Figure 1-3
Change 14
Learjet 31A AFM Limitations
FM-121 1-7
FAA Approved 7-25-91
Change 28
AIRSPEED/MACH LIMITS
All Airspeed/Mach Limits are expressed in terms of
indicated values unless otherwise stated. Instrument
error is assumed to be zero.
MAXIMUM OPERATING SPEED VMO/MMO
VMO/MMO may not be deliberately exceeded in any regime of flight
(climb, cruise, or descent) unless a higher speed is authorized for flight
test.
VMO ...........................................................................................325 KIAS
MMO • Up to 43,000 feet ............................................................... 0.81 MI
• 43,000 to 46,000 feet ............................................ 0.81 to 0.80 MI
• 46,000 to 47,000 feet ............................................ 0.80 to 0.79 MI
• 47,000 feet and above ...................................................... 0.79 MI
• With both the Mach Trim inoperative
and Autopilots disengaged ............................................. 0.78 MI
• With any missing Boundary Layer Energizers ............ 0.77 MI
The MMO limits expressed above are based upon
compressibility effects. Refer to OVERSPEED RECOVERY
procedure in Section III — EMERGENCY
PROCEDURES.
Refer to the figure entitled AIRSPEED/MACH LIMITS, this section.
MANEUVERING SPEED VA
Avoid rapid and large alternating control inputs, especially
in combinations with large changes in pitch,
roll or yaw, as they may cause structural failure at
any speed, including below VA.
Refer to figure entitled AIRSPEED/MACH LIMITS, this section, for VA.
Maneuvers involving full application of rudder and aileron controls, as
well as maneuvers that involve angles of attack near stall should be
confined to speeds below VA.
NOTE
NOTE
CAUTION
Change 28
Limitations Learjet 31A AFM
1-8 FM-121
FAA Approved 7-25-91
AIRSPEED/MACH LIMITS (Cont)
MAXIMUM LANDING GEAR OPERATING SPEED VLO
VLO is the maximum speed at which the landing gear can be safely extended
or retracted.
VLO .............................................................................................. 200 KIAS
MAXIMUM LANDING GEAR EXTENDED SPEED VLE
VLE is the maximum speed at which the aircraft can be safely flown
with the landing gear extended.
VLE .............................................................................................. 260 KIAS
MAXIMUM FLAP EXTENDED SPEED VFE
VFE is the maximum speed permissible with the wing flaps in a prescribed
extended position.
VFE
• Flaps 8° ............................................................................. 250 KIAS
• Flaps 20° ........................................................................... 200 KIAS
• Flaps 40° ........................................................................... 150 KIAS
MINIMUM CONTROL SPEED AIR VMCA
VMCA is a function of altitude and temperature. During flight tests, the
aircraft was controllable down to stall speed. The speed shown is the
critical minimum control speed which occurs at the maximum thrust
point (Sea Level, 68° F [20° C]). Section V Performance Charts account
for the appropriate values.
VMCA
• Flaps 8° .............................................................................. 93 KIAS
• Flaps 20° ............................................................................ 87 KIAS
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