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begins at 30 feet AGL and extends vertically to an altitude of 500 feet AGL.
Penetration of the alert area, above 190 knots, the upper boundary increases with
airspeed to a maximum of 1000 feet radio altitude at 250 knots or more, and will
annunciate a GND PROX message and generate a continuous aural “TOO LOW
TERRAIN” warning. Penetration of the alert area, below 190 knots, will
annunciate a GND PROX alert on the PFD and generate an aural “TOO LOW
GEAR” warning. The aural and visual remain until the airplane exits the envelope
20 20
10 10
GND
PROX
“TOO LOW
TERRAIN”
“TOO LOW
GEAR”
20 20
10 10
GND
PROX
1500
1000
500
0
0 100 190 300 400
MIN TERRAIN CLEARANCE (FEET)
COMPUTED AIRSPEED (KNOTS)
UNSAFE TERRAIN CLEARANCE
GEAR UP, FLAPS UP
“TOO LOW TERRAIN
WARNING AREA
”
“TOO LOW, GEAR
WARNING AREA
”
AIRCRAFT SLOWED TO
LESS THAN 190 KNOTS
“TOO LOW GEAR”
GX_16_063
“TOO LOW TERRAIN”
“TOO LOW
TERRAIN”
RUNWAY
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
NAVIGATION
16-52 For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
• Mode 4B – Active when the airplane is in cruise or approach phase of flight, and
the landing gear is in the landing position. The alert envelope for Mode 4B begins
at 30 feet AGL and extends vertically to an altitude of 245 feet AGL. Penetration
of the alert area, above 159 knots, will annunciate a GND PROX message and
generate a continuous aural “TOO LOW TERRAIN” warning. The aural and
visual remain until the airplane exits the envelope. Penetration of the alert area,
below 159 knots, will annunciate a GND PROX message on the PFD and generate
an aural “TOO LOW FLAP” warning
FLAP OVRD
OVRD
20 20
10 10
GND
PROX
20 20
10 10
GND
PROX
GX_16_064
“TOO LOW
FLAPS”
“TOO LOW
TERRAIN”
NOTE:
Flap aural “TOO LOW
FLAPS” warning can be
silenced by the use of the
FLAP OVRD switch,
located on the pedestal.
1500
1000
500
0
0 100 200 300 400
MIN TERRAIN CLEARANCE (FEET)
COMPUTED AIRSPEED (KNOTS)
UNSAFE TERRAIN CLEARANCE
GEAR DN, FLAPS UP
“TOO LOW TERRAIN
WARNING AREA
”
“TOO LOW,
FLAPS
WARNING
AREA
”
245
AIRCRAFT SLOWED TO
LESS THAN 159 KNOTS
GEAR DOWN
“TOO LOW FLAPS”
“TOO LOW TERRAIN”
RUNWAY
“TOO LOW
TERRAIN”
For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
16-53
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
NAVIGATION
• Mode 4C is based on a minimum terrain clearance, or floor, that increases with
radio altitude during takeoff. Any decrease in altitude below minimum terrain
clearance will annunciate a GND PROX message and generate an aural “TOO
LOW TERRAIN” warning
20 20
10 10
GND
PROX
GX_16_065
“TOO LOW
TERRAIN”
0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400
MIN TERRAIN CLEARANCE (FEET)
RADIO ALTITUDE (FEET)
WARNING AREA
(<190 KTS)
Speed Expansion
(>250 KNOTS)
UNSAFE TERRAIN CLEARANCE
GEAR UP, FLAPS UP
1500 FPM CLIMB RATE
TAKEOFF OVER FLAT TERRAIN
OR WATER
3000
2000
1000
0
2800
“TOO LOW
TERRAIN”
“TOO LOW TERRAIN”
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
NAVIGATION
16-54 For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
Mode 5 – Descent Below Glideslope
Mode 5 provides alert and warnings when the airplane descends below the glideslope
on an ILS approach. The alerts and warnings are annunciated in two distinct tones,
depending on the position of the airplane on the glideslope.
When the airplane descends more than 1.3 dots (but not more than 2 dots) below the
glideslope, a soft (6 dB) aural “GLIDESLOPE” is generated. If the airplane continues
to descend and deviates more than 2 dots below the glideslope, an aural
“GLIDESLOPE” warning is generated at the same volume level as all other warnings.
A GND PROX message is annunciated on the PFD. The aural and visual alerts and
warnings are continuously annunciated until the airplane exits the alert envelope.
20 20
10 10
GND
PROX
20 20
10 10
GND
PROX
G/S WARN
MUTED
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