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• Mode 2A – Activated when flaps are not in the landing position. Penetration of the
alert area will annunciate a GND PROX on the PFD and generate an aural
“TERRAIN, TERRAIN”. The aural is annunciated once and the visual alert will
remain until the condition is rectified. Penetration of the warning area will
annunciate a PULL UP alert on the PFD and generate an aural “PULL UP”
warning. The aural and visual warnings are annunciated continuously until the
condition is rectified
20 20
10 10
20 20
10 10
GND
PROX
PULL
UP
GX_16_060
“
”
TERRAIN
TERRAIN
”
“
“PULL UP
PULL UP”
”
“
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0 2000 4000 6000 8000
RADIO ALTITUDE (FEET)
TERRAIN CLOSURE RATE (FEET/MIN)
“TERRAIN TERRAIN”
1000
3000
“PULL UP!”
Speed Expansion “TERRAIN TERRAIN”
“PULL UP...”
For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
16-49
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
NAVIGATION
• Mode 2B – Activated when flaps are in the landing configuration, or in the event
the flaps are up and the airplane is on an ILS approach and the glideslope and
localizer deviations are less than ± 2 dots and for 60 seconds after takeoff.
Penetration of the alert area will annunciate a GND PROX on the PFD and enable
an aural “TERRAIN, TERRAIN”. The aural and the visual alerts are annunciated
continuously and will remain until the condition is rectified. Penetration of the
warning area will annunciate a PULL UP alert on the PFD and generate an aural
“PULL UP” warning. The aural and visual warnings are annunciated continuously
until the condition is rectified. The Mode 2B warning envelope is inhibited at an
altitude below 30 feet AGL
GX_16_061
“TERRAIN
TERRAIN”
“PULL UP”
20 20
10 10
20 20
10 10
GND
PROX
PULL
UP
“TERRAIN
”
”
“TERRAIN
“PULL UP
PULL UP”
”
“
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0 2000 4000 6000 1000
RADIO ALTITUDE (FEET)
TERRAIN CLOSURE RATE (FEET/MIN)
“TERRAIN TERRAIN”
8000
3000
“PULL UP!”
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
NAVIGATION
16-50 For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
Mode 3 – Altitude Loss After Takeoff
Mode 3 provides warnings when the EGPWC detects that a significant amount of
altitude is lost immediately after takeoff or during a go-around. Mode 3 uses radio
altitude, barometric altitude and altitude rate.
If a descent is initiated following takeoff or go-around, the EGPWC stores the altitude
value at which the descent began, and compares successive altitude data to the stored
value. Activation of the warning is induced when the minimum terrain clearance, as a
function of altitude lost, is exceeded.
Penetration of the alert area will annunciate a GND PROX alert on the PFD and
generate an aural “DON’T SINK, DON’T SINK” warning. The aural warning is
annunciated only once, unless the altitude value degrades by more than 20% from the
initially stored value, and again at each additional 20% degradation from the initially
stored value. This condition will remain until the airplane regains the initial altitude
value. Mode 3 is inhibited for radio altitude values in excess of 1500 feet.
20 20
10 10
GND
PROX
GX_16_062
“DON'T SINK”
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0 50 100 200 300
RADIO ALTITUDE (FEET)
ALTITUDE LOSS (FEET)
150 250
“DON’T SINK”
“DON'T SINK”
For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
16-51
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
NAVIGATION
Mode 4 – Unsafe Terrain Clearance
Mode 4 provides alerts and warnings for insufficient terrain clearance based on
airplane phase of flight and airspeed. Mode 4 requires radio altitude, computed
airspeed, gear position and flap position inputs. The alert and warning envelopes are
based on minimum allowable terrain clearance as a function of computed airspeed.
Mode 4 is divided into 3 submodes: Mode 4A, Mode 4B and Mode 4C.
• Mode 4A – Active when the airplane is in cruise or approach phase of flight, and
the landing gear is not in the landing position. The alert envelope for Mode 4A
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