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and ATC transponder modes are set on the RMUs.
Active (interrogated) range is possible up to 70 to 100 miles depending on
atmospheric conditions. Passive range to a distance of 120 miles is possible if the
intruder aircraft has TCAS 2000 change 7 and a GPS installed.
The system provides appropriate aural and visual cues to the flight crew when TCAS
computer analysis of an airplane signal predicts a penetration of TCAS protected
airspace.
TARGET/THREAT ADVISORIES
The system provides four types of advisories:
• Resolution Advisory – Resolution advisories (RA) symbols (red square) appear on
the MFD, when target(s) is predicted to penetrate the protected vertical envelope in
less than 30 seconds. An ADI pitch target is displayed during an RA. The red
avoidance zone indicates pitch targets that should be avoided and the green
rectangle is the fly-to-zone. An RA can be issued if the intruder is mode C or mode
S equipped. If the threat aircraft is itself equipped with mode S, a coordination
procedure is performed before displaying it to the flight crew. This procedure
assures that the advisories in each aircraft are compatible
• Traffic Advisory – Traffic advisories (TA) symbols (amber circle) appear on the
MFD, when target(s) is projected to converge with the TCAS equipped airplane in
less than 45 seconds, with the closest point of approach being inside a minimum
vertical separation envelope. Traffic advisories are generated for aircraft with
operative mode S, mode C, or mode A transponders. The relative bearing and
range of the intruder are displayed
• Proximity Traffic – Proximity Traffic (PT) symbols (cyan diamond) appear on the
MFD when non-threat airplane(s) which have a flightpath that approaches the
collision area. The PT symbol is displayed if the target does not qualify for a TA
but is currently within 6.5 NM and 1200 feet of the TCAS airplane
• Other Traffic – Other Traffic (OT) symbols (empty cyan diamond) appear on the
MFD to indicate targets outside of the 1200-foot relative altitude region of PT, up
to the TCAS range set by the pilot, and a relative altitude difference of 2,700 feet
The TCAS system provides no indication of traffic conflicts if the intruder airplane is
without an operative transponder.
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
NAVIGATION
16-36 For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
TRAFFIC IDENTIFICATION
COLLISION
AREA
WARNING
AREA
RA
20-30
SECONDS
TA
34-45
SECONDS
CAUTION AREA
TA
RA
NOTE:
For every aircraft within detection range, similar Cautio
and Warning area patterns exist.
GX_16_044
For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
16-37
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
NAVIGATION
TCAS MODES
The following TCAS modes are selectable on the RMU:
• TA/RA Mode – Normal operation mode providing full TCAS coverage. TCAS
tracks up to 12 airplanes in the surrounding airspace and generates TAs and RAs as
required
• TA ONLY Mode – TCAS tracks all PT airplanes and generates TAs, no RAs.
Automatically selected when airplane is flying under 1100 feet AGL climbing and
900 AGL descending
• TEST Mode – Pressing the TST button on the RMU, will start a self-test program
that will verify proper operation of the TA and RA displays and of the aural
advisories. The TEST mode does not affect normal TCAS operation. Should an
actual TA or RA occur during TEST sequence, the test is automatically terminated
and the advisory is announced and displayed
ATC/TCAS MODE SELECT
ATC/TCAS operations are controlled by the adjacent line keys and the tuning knobs. If
the transponder code is changed on one RMU, it will also change on the other RMU.
The modes are:
• ATC ON - Replies on Modes S and A, no altitude reporting
• ATC ALT - Replies on Modes A, C, and S, with altitude reporting
• STANDBY - Transponder in standby mode
• TA ONLY - TCAS traffic advisory mode selected
• TA/RA - TCAS traffic advisory/resolution advisory mode selected
TUNE
COM1 NAV1
121.82 108.30
118.02
MEMORY-4 111.90
RANGE:
DME
ATC/TCAS ADF1
1200
6
NORMAL
1799.5
15423
15600
TA ONLY ADF
LV
TCAS DSPY 1 HF1
IZZ
SQ
ID
DIM
PGE
1/2
TST
STO
DME
NOTE:
Rotating the tuning knob will
select ATC ON, ATC ALT, TA
ONLY, or TA/RA
NOTE:
Pressing adjacent line key will
annunciate STANDBY or
displayed mode.
GX_16_045
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