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terrain database, alerts are issued. Two envelopes are computed, one corresponding to
a Terrain Caution Alert level and the other to a Terrain Warning Alert level.
TAAD Caution and Warning Alert Envelopes
Figure 17-30
EGPWC Position and Altitude Determination
The EGPWC determines aircraft position and altitude using GPS sensor data
primarily. The EGPWC monitors RAIM status and applies geometric altitude
algorithms to ensure the required level of precision is maintained laterally and
vertically. If GPS is not available, the EGPWC applies barometric altitude calculations
for vertical position determination, and uses the FMS integrated navigation solution
for lateral position determination.
Slopes = Greater of FPA or +6 DEG
Flight Path Angle (FPA)
WARNING
AREA
CAUTION
AREA
Warning Look Ahead Distance
Terrain
Clearance
Floor
P604_17_087
Caution Look Ahead Distance
Warning Look Up Distance
Caution Look Up Distance
NAVIGATION SYSTEMS
17-44 For Training Purposes Only
May 03
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
Terrain/Obstacle Awareness Alerting and Display (TAAD) Database
The TAAD database is comprised of a terrain database and an obstacle database
integral to the EGPWC. The terrain database includes worldwide coverage of the
earth’s surface divided into grid sets referenced to the WGS-84 datum.
The obstacle database contains known man-made obstacles that are higher than 100
feet AGL. This database covers all of the USA but only portions of Canada, Mexico,
and the Bahamas.
Terrain Awareness Display
The Terrain Awareness Display displays an image of surrounding terrain in varying
density dot patterns of green, yellow, and red. The display is generated from the
aircraft altitude compared to terrain data in the EGPWS computer. These dot patterns
represent specific terrain separation with respect to the aircraft. Terrain more than
2000 feet below the aircraft is not displayed. Areas with no terrain data available are
shown as a low-density magenta color.
The obstacle data included is depicted on the terrain display in the same fashion as
terrain.
Terrain/Obstacle Awareness Display Color Patterns
Figure 17-31
The crew may independently select the Terrain Display on either MFD by pushing the
TERR button on the appropriate DCP. The Terrain Display can be overlaid on any
MFD format that supports weather radar overlay. A cyan TERRAIN annunciation
appears on the top left corner of the MFD to inform the flight crew that the terrain
overlay has been selected. Weather radar and terrain cannot be displayed
simultaneously on the same MFD.
50% Red
50% Yellow
25% Yellow
50% Green
16% Green
Black
-500’
(VARIABLE)
0
-1000’
-2000’
AIRCRAFT ELEVATION
+2000’
+1000’
P604_17_078
NAVIGATION SYSTEMS
For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
17-45
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
Auto Pop-Up
When a Terrain Awareness Caution or a Terrain Awareness Warning are detected, the
Terrain overlay automatically pops up on both MFDs and the format and range
automatically change to FMS MAP and 10 NM.
Display Control Panel - TERR Button
Figure 17-32
MFD Terrain Awareness Display
Figure 17-33
Navigation must not be predicated upon the use of the terrain
awareness display.
If a terrain display fault condition is present when the terrain is being displayed, one of
the following cyan messages will be presented in the bottom left corner of the MFD
(i.e., in the weather radar fault message field): “TERRAIN FAIL”, “TERRAIN
CONTROL FAULT”, “TERRAIN NOT AVAIL”. All terrain messages, except the
normal condition “TERRAIN”, flash for 10 seconds when they are posted.
NOTE
NAV
SOURCE
FORMAT RANGE
BRG TERR WX TFC
PU
SH
X-SIDE
P604_17_066
TERR Button
LX/TERRAIN G+1 USTB T+10.7
TAS 0 0
YUL
(8700)
KDEN
(8215)
0NM
2NM
177NM
1NM
0:01
0:31
0:00
:
:
:
:
CLIMB
(8215)
ABOVE
BELOW DME2
– – – –
T-4.5
UTC00:20 GS SAT-1C TAT-1C
VOR1 ADF2
5
10
328
(8700)
P604_17_080
0:00/ 611NM
8215A
(8215)
KASE
/8700A
/8215A
K/8A2S1E5A
NAVIGATION SYSTEMS
17-46 For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
Terrain/Obstacle Awareness Caution Alert
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