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0
200
2500
MIN TERRAIN CLEARANCE (FEET)
ROLL ANGLE (+/- DEGREES)
150 FEET
30 FEET
Bank angle
curve
NAVIGATION SYSTEMS
17-40 For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
Mode 7 - Windshear Detection and Alerting
Mode 7 provides alerts and warnings in the event that significant windshear is detected
by the EGPWC. Mode 7 is active during takeoff and landing phases of flight only,
between 10 and 1500 feet AGL.
EGPWS Mode 7 Windshear Thresholds
Figure 17-27
There are two types of windshear warnings: increasing performance (updraft /
headwind) and decreasing performance (downdraft / tailwind).
• for an increasing performance shear (updraft / headwind), an amber
WINDSHEAR message is annunciated on the PFD and flashes for 5 seconds, then
remains steady. No aural message is given
• for a decreasing performance shear (downdraft / tailwind), a red WINDSHEAR
message is annunciated on the PFD and flashes for 5 seconds, then remains steady,
and an aural siren and “WINDSHEAR, WINDSHEAR, WINDSHEAR” warning
are activated. Two seconds after a windshear warning is issued, the autopilot, if
engaged, is disconnected and the flight director bars are removed. No escape
guidance is provided
P604_17_076
Decreasing headwind
(knots/second)
3000
1000
2000
2000
1000
3000
6 4 2 0 0 2 4 6
Updraft (feet/minute)
Downdraft (feet/minute)
CAUTION
WINDSHEAR
AREA
WINDSHEAR
WARNING
AREA
Increasing
headwind
(knots/second)
RUNWAY
“WINDSHEAR”
WINDSHEAR”
WINDSHEAR”
““
MICROBURST
WINDSHEAR
CAUTION LAMP
NAVIGATION SYSTEMS
For Training Purposes Only
May 03
17-41
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
PFD Windshear Display
Figure 17-28
P604_17_021
20
10
10
20
WINDSHEAR
20
10
10
20
WINDSHEAR
INCREASING
PERFORMANCE
DECREASING
PERFORMANCE
NAVIGATION SYSTEMS
17-42 For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
Terrain Clearance Floor (TCF)
The TCF function of the EGPWS provides an additional terrain clearance alert
envelope around airports. This alert mode complements the existing Mode 4
protection by providing an alert based on insufficient terrain clearance even when in
landing configuration.
TCF creates an increasing terrain clearance envelope around the intended airport
runway directly related to the distance from the runway. TCF alerts are based on
current airplane location, nearest runway center point position and radio altitude, with
an integral TCF airport database.
Penetration of the alert envelope will illuminate the the GND PROX switch/lights on
the glareshield and generate an aural “TOO LOW TERRAIN” alert. The aural alert is
repeated twice, and again thereafter if the radio altitude value decreases by more than
20% from the altitude at which the initial warning was issued. The aural message
remains displayed and the switch/lights remain flashing until the airplane exits the
alert envelope.
Terrain Clearance Floor Database
The TCF database is integral to the EGPWC and includes worldwide coverage of all
airports with hard-surfaced runways longer than 3,500 feet in length.
Terrain Clearance Floor (TCF)
Figure 17-29
P604_17_077
“TOO LOW
TERRAIN”
DISTANCE TO SELECTED RUNWAY (NM)
k 4 + k 12 + k 15 + k
RUNWAY 4
NM
12
NM
15
NM
700 AGL
400 AGL
EBF
Note:
k = 1/2 Runway length + Envelope Bias Factor (EBF)
(Typically 1/2 to 2 NM)
400 ft
30 ft
700 ft
TFC Alert Area
(k)
NAVIGATION SYSTEMS
For Training Purposes Only
Sept 04
17-43
P I LOT T R A I N I N G GU I D E
Terrain/Obstacle Awareness Alerting and Display (TAAD)
A feature of the EGPWS is the incorporation of the Terrain / Obstacle Awareness
Alerting and Display function. This function uses aircraft geographic position, aircraft
altitude and a terrain and obstacle database to predict potential conflicts between the
aircraft flight path and the terrain or obstacle, and to provide terrain display overlay of
the conflicting terrain or obstacles.
The terrain awareness alerting algorithms continuously compute terrain clearance
envelopes ahead of the aircraft as a function of ground speed, flight path angle and
track. If the boundaries of these envelopes conflict with terrain elevation data in the
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