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Performance Standards
The purpose of the ASME performance test codes is to provide standard directions and rules for the conduct and report of tests of specific equipment and the measurement of related phenomena. These codes provide explicit test procedures with accuracies consistent with current engineering knowledge and practice. The codes are applicable to the determination of performance of specific equipment. They are suitable for incorporation as part of com-mercial agreements to serve as a means to determine fulfillment of contract obligations. The parties to the test should agree to accept the code results asdeterminedor， alternatively， agree to mutually acceptable limits of uncer-tainty established by prior agreement of the principal parties concerned.
The performance tests must be run as much as possible to meet the ASME performance codes. These codes are very well written and fully delineate the tests required. Meetings should be held in advance with the vendors to decide which part of the code would not be valid and what assumptions and correction factors must be undertaken to meet the various power and efficiency guarantees. The determination of special data or verification ofparticular guarantees， which are outside the scope of the codes， should be madeonly after written agreement of both parties to thetest， especially regarding methods of measurementand computation， which should be completely described in the test report.
ASME， Performance Test .ode on Overall PlantPerformance， ASME PT. 46 1996
This code is written to establish the overall plant performance. Power plants， which produce secondary energy output such as cogeneration facilities areincluded within the scope of this code. For cogeneration facilities， there is no requirement for a minimum percentage of the facility output to be in the formof electricity; however， theguiding principles， measurementmethods， and calculation procedures are predicated on electricity being the primary output.As a result， a test of a facility with a low proportion of electric output may not be capable of meeting the expected test uncertainties of this code. This code provides explicit procedures for the determination of power plant thermal performance and electrical output. Test results provide a measure of the performance of a power plant or thermal island at a specified cycle configur-ation， operating disposition andjor fixed power level， and at a unique set of base reference conditions. Test results can then be used as defined by a contract for the basis of determination of fulfillment of contract guarantees. Test resultscan also be used by a plant owner， for either comparison to a design number， or to trend performance changes over time of the overall plant. The results of a test conducted in accordance with this code will not provide a basis for comparing the thermoeconomic effectiveness of different plant design.
Power plants are comprised of many equipment components. Test data required by this code may also provide limited performance information forsome of this equipment; however， this code was not designed to facilitatesimultaneous code level testing of individual equipment. ASME PTcs， which address testing of major power plant equipment provide a determination of the individual equipment isolated from the rest of the system. PTc 46 has been designed to determine the performance of the entire heat-cycle as anintegrated system.认here the performance of individual equipment operat-ing within the constraints of their design-specified conditions are of interest， ASME PTcs developed for the testing of specific components should beused. Likewise， determining overall thermal performance by combining the results of ASME code tests conducted on each plant component is not an acceptable alternative to a PTc 46 test.
ASME， Performance Test .ode on Test Uncertainty: Instruments and Apparatus PT. 19.1 1988
This test code specifies procedures for evaluation of uncertainties inindividual test measurements， arising from both random errors and system-aticerrors， and for the propagation of random and systematic uncertainties into the uncertainty of a test results. The various statistical terms involved are defined. The end result of a measurement uncertainty analysis is toprovide numerical estimates of systematic uncertainties， random uncertain-ties， and the combination of these into a total uncertainty with an approxi-mate confidence level. This is especially very important when computing guarantees in plant output and plant efficiency.
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燃气涡轮工程手册 Gas Turbine Engineering Handbook 1(55)
