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Although removal of surface snow, ice or frost is normally a maintenance function, the flight crew should use additional care and scrutiny during preflight preparation to inspect areas where surface snow or frost could change or affect normal system operations.
Exterior Safety Inspection
Surface............................................................................................Check Takeoff with light coatings of frost, up to 1/8 inch (3mm) in thickness on lower wing surfaces due to cold fuel, is permissible; however, all leading
edge devices, all control surfaces, and upper wing surfaces must be free of snow or ice. Thin hoarfrost is acceptable on the upper surface of the fuselage provided
all vents and ports are clear. Thin hoarfrost is a uniform white deposit of fine crystalline texture, which usually occurs on exposed surfaces on a cold and cloudless night, and which is thin enough to distinguish surface features underneath, such as paint lines, markings, or lettering.
Landing gear doors.........................................................................Check Landing gear doors should be free of snow or ice.
Air conditioning inlets and exits ......................................................Clear Verify air inlets and exits, including the outflow valve, are clear of snow or ice. If the APU is operating, check the outflow valve is full open.
Engine inlets .....................................................................................Clear Check inlet cowling free of ice or snow and verify the fan is free to rotate.
APU air inlets ................................................................................Check The APU inlet door and cooling air inlet must be free of snow or ice prior to APU start.
Fuel tank vents .................................................................................Clear Check all fuel tank vents. All traces of ice or frost should be removed.
Pitot probes and static ports .............................................................Clear Check all pitot probes and static ports free of ice and snow. Water rundown after snow removal may refreeze immediately forward of static ports and cause an ice buildup which disturbs airflow over the static ports resulting in erroneous static readings even when static ports themselves are clear.
Flight Deck Preparation
Packs ........................................................................................... NORM Provides cabin heating.
Copyright . The Boeing Company. See title page for details.
SP.16.2 D6-30151-425 December 01, 1999
Supplementary Procedures -Adverse Weather
747 Operations Manual
Recirculation Fans ..............................................................................ON
Airplane doors ...............................................................................Closed Keep airplane doors closed as much as possible to limit heat loss.
Engine Start
Use normal start procedures; oil pressure may be slow to rise.
After Start
Flight controls ................................................................................ Check Move flight controls through full travel to ensure freedom of movement.
Flaps .............................................................................................. Check Move flaps through full travel to ensure freedom of movement.
CAUTION: Closely observe the flap position indicator for positive movement. If the flaps should stop, immediately place the flap lever in the same position as indicated.
Nacelle Anti–Ice Operation – On the Ground
Nacelle anti–ice must be ON during all ground operations when icing conditions exist or are anticipated except when SAT is less than -40°C.
WARNING: Do not rely on airframe visual icing cues before activating nacelle anti–ice. Use the temperature and visible moisture criteria.
CAUTION: Do not operate nacelle anti-ice when total air temperature (TAT) above 10° C.
When nacelle anti–ice required (on the ground):
Check area behind airplane is clear.
Nacelle Anti-ice switches..............................................................ON
Engine run–up (As required) ........................................... Accomplish If icing conditions are present, nacelle anti-ice must be selected immediately after engine start. During prolonged ground operation, periodic engine run-up to as high a thrust setting as practical (60% N1 recommended) should be performed to reduce the possiblity of ice build-up. Run-ups of 30 seconds duration should be accomplished at 30 minute intervals.
Copyright . The Boeing Company. See title page for details.
December 01, 1999 D6-30151-425 SP.16.3
Supplementary Procedures -Adverse Weather 747 Operations Manual
When nacelle anti-ice is no longer required on the ground:
Nacelle Anti-ice switches ........................................................ AUTO
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