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cut, or crossed, by lines of magnetic flux. The basic unit of inductance is the henry. See henry.
inductance bridge (electrical measuring instrument). A bridge-type precision instrument used to
measure an unknown inductance by comparing its inductive reactance at a specific frequency with that
produced at the same frequency by an accurately known inductance.
induction compass. See earth induction compass.
induction furnace. An electric furnace in which the metal to be melted is heated by the induction of
high-frequency electromagnetic energy.
induction heating. A method of heating an electrically conductive material by inducing alternating current
into it. The rapidly reversing current causes the material to get hot.
induction motor. A type of alternating current motor in which the line voltage is connected across
stationary windings in the motor housing. The rotor of an induction motor is made in the form of a “squirrel
cage.” Bars of copper or aluminum are embedded in slots in a laminated soft-iron core, and are welded to
heavy copper or aluminum plates on each end of the core. There is no electrical connection to the rotor.
The stator winding serves as the primary of a transformer, and the bars and end plates of the rotor
act as the secondary. Current induced into the rotor bars causes a magnetic field that reacts with the field of
the stator, and this reaction causes the rotor to turn. The magnetic field of the stator of a single-phase
induction motor does not rotate, but rather it pulses on and off. A separate start winding is wound in the
stator to produce a rotating field for starting a single-phase motor. The phase of the current in the start
winding is shifted by a capacitor or inductor so that it is different from the phase of the current in the run
winding. This shifted phase produces a rotating magnetic field.
As soon as the rotor is turning at the correct speed, the start winding is automatically disconnected,
and the inertia of the heavy rotor keeps it spinning in the pulsing magnetic field produced by the run
winding. Three-phase induction motors do not need separate start windings, because the three separate
phase windings produce a rotating magnetic field.
induction period (aircraft finishing system condition). The period of time after a catalyzed material,
such as an epoxy or polyurethane, is mixed before it is ready to be sprayed onto the surface of the aircraft.
The induction period allows the material to begin its curing action before it is applied.
induction system (aircraft reciprocating engine system). The entire system in an aircraft reciprocating
engine that carries air into the engine cylinders. The induction system consists of the air filter, carburetor
heater or alternate air valve, the turbocharger, and all the piping used to carry this air into the cylinders.
induction vibrator (reciprocating engine ignition system component). An electrical relay connected in
such a way that it chops up direct current and produces pulsating DC. The pulsating DC is sent through the
primary winding of the magneto coil where it induces a high voltage in the secondary winding. This high
voltage causes a spark to jump across the gap in a spark plug. Induction vibrators are used with magnetos to
produce a hot spark for starting the engine when the magneto is turning slowly.
induction welding. A method of welding in which the metal is melted by heat generated by alternating
current induced into the metal.
inductive circuit. An alternating current circuit in which the inductive reactance is greater than the
capacitive reactance. Changes in the current flowing in an inductive circuit lag behind changes in the
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 320
voltage.
inductive kick. A pulse of high voltage produced across a coil when current flowing through it is
interrupted. When direct current flows through a coil, a magnetic field surrounds each turn of wire, and this
magnetic field is sustained as long as the current flows.
When the current is interrupted, the magnetic field instantly collapses, and the lines of magnetic
flux cut across each turn of the coil. This collapsing field induces a short-duration pulse of voltage into the
coil that is many times greater than the original voltage. This pulse of high voltage is called an inductive
kick, or a transient voltage spike.
inductive reactance. An opposition to the flow of alternating current or changing direct current, caused by
inductance in the circuit. Inductive reactance, whose abbreviation is XL, is measured in ohms, and it
decreases the amount of current flowing in a circuit. Resistance is also measured in ohms, and it too
decreases the current, but resistance uses power and produces heat, while inductive reactance does not.
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航空术语词典Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms 中(85)
