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stopped. Dynamic pressure is measured in pounds per square foot.
dynamic restrictions (air traffic control). Those restrictions imposed by the local facility on an “as
needed” basis to manage unpredictable fluctuations in traffic demands.
dynamic stability (aerodynamics). The stability that causes an aircraft to return to a condition of straight
and level flight after it has been disturbed from this condition.
When an aircraft is disturbed from straight and level flight, its static stability starts it back in the
correct direction; but it overshoots, and the corrective forces are applied in the opposite direction. The
aircraft oscillates back and forth on both sides of the correct condition, with each oscillation smaller than
the one before it. Dynamic stability is the decreasing of these restorative oscillations.
dynamite. An explosive made by mixing nitroglycerine with a material such as sawdust, flour, or starch,
and some type of oxygen-supplying salt.
dynamometer (electrical measuring instrument). An electrical measuring instrument that measures
current and voltage at the same time and displays the results as electrical power. The instrument pointer
moves over the dial an amount proportional to the product of the current and the voltage.
The current being measured flows through two series current coils and produces a fixed
electromagnetic field whose strength is proportional to the amount of current. The voltage being measured
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
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forces current to flow through a movable voltage coil and produces a magnetic field proportional to the
amount of voltage.
The pointer, mounted on the movable coil, is restrained by two calibrated hairsprings. The amount
of its rotation is proportional to the strength of the two magnetic fields, and this makes the movement of the
pointer proportional to the amount of power being measured.
dynamometer (mechanical measuring instrument). A device used to measure the amount of torque
being produced by a rotating machine. The rotating machine is loaded with either an electric generator or a
fluid pump whose output is measured and converted into units of mechanical power.
A dynamometer measures the torque the machine produces at a specific RPM, and this data is
converted into brake horsepower.
dynamotor (electrical machine). An electrical machine that converts low-voltage DC into high-voltage
DC.
The dynamotor has two armatures on its single rotating shaft, and these armatures turn inside of
two sets of field coils. One set of field coils and one armature is for a low-voltage DC motor, and the other
set of field coils and armature are for a high-voltage DC generator. A dynamotor is also called a rotary
converter.
dyne. A unit of force in the centimeter-gram-second system of units. One dyne is the amount of force
needed to cause a mass of one gram to accelerate one centimeter per second, each second it is acted on.
One dyne is equal to 2.248 • 10-6 pounds.
dysprosium. A soft, silvery, rare-earth metallic chemical element. Dysprosium’s symbol is Dy, its atomic
number is 66, and its atomic weight is 162.50.
Dysprosium is used in nuclear research.
Dzus fastener (aircraft cowling fastener). A patented fastener used to secure aircraft cowling and
inspection plates. A slotted stud is forced down over a piece of spring steel wire and is locked in place by
turning the stud a quarter of a turn. This forces the wire into a cam-shaped groove in the stud.
EADI (electronic attitude director indicator). A colored multifunction display flight instrument that
shows pitch and roll attitude indications along with flight director commands, localizer and glide slope
indications, selected airspeed, ground speed, automatic flight control system and autothrottle modes, and
radio altitude and decision height. An EADI is used in conjunction with an EHSI. See EHSI.
E
early warning radar (defense radar). Long-range radar that scans the sky in all directions to detect
enemy aircraft and/or missiles. Detection and warning occur early enough to allow fighters to intercept and
destroy the threat before it reaches its target.
earplug (hearing protector). A device made of rubber or some type of soft plastic worn in the ear canal to
prevent loud noises damaging the delicate mechanism in the ear. Earplugs or other types of hearing
protectors must be worn when working on most jet aircraft flight lines to prevent hearing loss.
earth (electrical connection). Earth is the term used in the United Kingdom for the electrical reference
called “ground” in the United States.
earth ground (electrical equipment). An electrical connection to a metal cold-water pipe or metal rod
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航空术语词典Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms 中(11)
