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mist. Droplets of a liquid which are so small they float, or remain suspended, in the air. The droplets
making up the atmospheric condition we call mist are larger than the droplets making up haze and smaller
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than those making up fog.
mist coat. A very light coat of metal primer. A mist coat is so thin that the metal is still visible, but the
primer makes pencil marks easy to see.
miter (woodworking). To cut the edges of boards or surfaces in such a way that they match, or fit together.
miter box. A device that holds a piece of wood and a saw, so the saw can cut the wood at an angle to form
a mitered joint. The wood used in a picture frame is cut in a miter box so that the ends match, forming a
right angle and leaving no gap.
miter square (woodworking tool). A small, adjustable T-square used for marking the ends of wood strips
to be cut at an angle other than a right angle. Some miter squares have the blade rigidly set at an angle of
45° to the head, and others have an adjustable blade that can be set at any angle relative to the head.
mixed-exhaust engine (gas turbine engines). A type of turbofan engine in which the exhaust from the gas
generator mixes with the air from the fan that bypasses the gas generator. These two flows mix before they
leave the exhaust system of the engine.
mixed number. A number that contains both an integer and a fraction.
mixer (electronic circuit). An electronic circuit used in a superheterodyne radio receiver. When two
electrical signals having different frequencies are fed into a mixer, the mixer output will contain four
signals: Signals having the two original frequencies, a signal whose frequency is the sum of the two
original frequencies, and one whose frequency is the difference between the two original frequencies.
The output of the mixer is directed into a filter circuit which selects the difference frequency for
use in subsequent stages as the intermediate frequency, or IF.
mixing ratio (meteorology). The ratio by weight of the amount of water vapor in a volume of air to the
amount of dry air. Mixing ratio is usually expressed as grams per kilogram (g/kg).
mixture. A combination of substances held together by physical rather than chemical means. The
constituents of a mixture retain all their own chemical properties and mixtures do not have to be combined
in definite proportions, as is required for chemical compounds.
Sweetened tea is a mixture of tea and sugar, and concrete is a mixture of sand, gravel, and cement.
mixture control (reciprocating engine control). A control installed in a reciprocating-engine-powered
aircraft that allows the pilot to vary the fuel-air mixture ratio while the engine is running.
A reciprocating engine requires the proper amount of fuel to be mixed with the air on the basis of
the weight of the air. But most fuel-metering systems measure the fuel on the basis of the volume, not the
weight, of the air entering the engine. The density (weight per unit volume) of the air decreases as the
aircraft goes up in altitude, and the pilot must be able to decrease the amount of fuel metered into the less
dense air. This adjustment is made with the mixture control.
MLS (microwave landing system). An instrument landing system operating in the microwave spectrum
which provides lateral and vertical guidance to aircraft having compatible avionics equipment.
MM (middle marker). A marker beacon that defines a point along the glide slope of an instrument landing
system (ILS), normally located at or near the point of decision height (ILS Category I). The middle marker
is keyed to transmit alternate dots and dashes keyed at the rate of 95 dot-dash combinations per minute,
with a 1,300-Hz tone which is received aurally and visually by compatible airborne equipment.
MNPS (minimum navigation performance specifications) (air traffic control). A set of standards which
require aircraft to have a minimum navigation performance capability in order to operate in MNPS
designated airspace. In addition, aircraft must be certified by their State of Registry for MNPS operation.
mobile charges (semiconductor materials). Electrical charges that move about within a semiconductor
material. Holes are positive mobile charges, and they drift within the material toward a negative electrical
charge. Electrons are negative mobile charges, and they drift within the material toward a positive electrical
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charge.
Mobius strip. A one-sided surface twisted in the form of a loop. A Mobius strip, or Mobius loop, is made
by taking a long strip of material, holding one end stationary, twisting the other end 180°, and then joining
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航空术语词典Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms 中(135)
