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turret, so that different magnifications can be made.
microsecond. A unit of time equal to one millionth of a second.
microshaver. A metal-cutting tool used to shave the head of a countersunk rivet, so that it is perfectly flush
with the surface of the metal in which it is installed. The depth the micro-shaver cuts is adjusted with a
micrometer-type scale.
Microswitch. The registered trade name for a precision electrical switch, used as a limit switch.
Microswitches are actuated by very small and precise movement of the actuator and are used to control the
movement of mechanical devices.
microwave landing system. See MLS.
microwaves. A general classification of electromagnetic radiation having wavelengths between 0.3 and 30
centimeters. These wavelengths correspond to frequencies between one and 100 gigahertz (1 x 109, and
100 x 109 hertz).
Microwave radiation falls between infrared waves and radio waves, and many of the principles
which apply to the transmission of light also apply to the transmission of microwave radiation. Microwaves
used in communications are transmitted from antennas mounted in dish-shaped reflectors and are
concentrated and aimed in much the same way as a beam of light.
MIG welding (metal inert gas welding). A form of electric arc welding in which the electrode is an
expendable wire. MIG welding is now called GMA (gas metal arc) welding.
mil. A unit of length equal to 1/1,000 inch (0.001 inch). Mil is short for milli-inch.
mildew. A gray or white fungus growth that forms on organic matter. Mildew forms on cotton and linen
aircraft fabric and destroys its strength.
mildewcide. A material used to kill mildew before it destroys organic materials, such as cotton or linen
fabric or leather. Cotton and linen fabric are both used to cover aircraft structure, and unless they are
protected by a mildewcide, they soon lose their strength. A mildewcide is mixed in the first coat of clear
dope applied to these fabrics.
mild steel. Steel containing between 0.05 and 0.25 percent carbon. Mild steel is used for applications
where high strength and light weight are not required.
mile. A unit of distance in the English system of measurement. One statute mile is equal to 5,280 feet. One
nautical mile is one minute of arc of a great circle of the earth, and is equal to approximately 6,080 feet.
milli, m. The metric prefix meaning one thousandth of a unit, 1/1,000, 0.001, or 1 x 10-3. Millimeters,
milliliters, milliohms, milligrams, and millivolts are commonly used terms having this prefix.
milliammeter. An instrument that measures electrical current in units of thousandths of an ampere.
millibar. A measure of pressure in the metric system that is equal to one thousandth of a bar. One bar is a
pressure of 14.5 psi, or 29.52 in. Hg. (105 pascals or 105 newtons per square meter), and one millibar is
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 386
equal to a pressure of 1,000 dynes per square centimeter, 0.014 69 psi, or 0.029 52 in. Hg. Standard sea
level pressure equal to 1,013.2 millibars.
milling machine. A type of metalworking machine tool. The work to be machined is fastened to a movable
table, and the table moves to feed the work into a rotating tool called a milling cutter.
millivoltmeter. An electrical instrument that measures voltage in units of millivolts (thousandths of a volt).
MIL standards. A group of standard specifications used by the United States Military services to describe
the products they buy. MIL standards are known and used by most manufacturers to keep parts
standardized and interchangeable.
minicomputer (digital computer). A small- to medium-size digital computer. There is no clear-cut
distinction between a small minicomputer and one of the larger microcomputers, but generally speaking, a
minicomputer is faster and can be expanded more than a microcomputer.
minidisk (digital computer component). A 5 1/4-inch-diameter floppy diskette, used as a mass storage
device with a microcomputer. Microcomputers use 8-inch, 5 1/4-inch, and 3 1/2-inch diskettes. The 8-inch
diskette is called a floppy diskette, the 5 1/4-inch diskette is called a minifloppy, and the 3 1/2-inch diskette
is called a microfloppy.
minimum controllable airspeed (VMC). The lowest airspeed at which an airplane is controllable with one
engine developing takeoff power and the propeller on the other engine windmilling. VMC is marked on an
airspeed indicator with a red radial line.
minimum crossing altitude. See MCA.
minimum descent altitude. See MDA.
minimum enroute IFR altitude. See MEA.
“Minimum fuel” (air traffic control). A statement indicating that an aircraft’s fuel supply has reached a
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航空术语词典Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms 中(133)
