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control system had detected the absence of a flight plan for this aircraft or that there was a
mismatch between the flight plan filed for this registration number, the flight number and the
reported position.
1.16.2.2 Operational messages
The first position message (AOC type message) was transmitted on 31 May at 22 h 39. On
1st June at 2 h 10 min 34, the last position received was latitude +2.98° (North) and longitude
-030.59° (West). The position transmitted was the aircraft’s FM position which, in normal
conditions, is close to the GPS position.
Other operational messages were sent to the aircraft, including aircraft loading data (load
sheet), takeoff charts and meteorological information.
46
1.16.2.3 Maintenance messages
Twenty-six maintenance messages relative to flight AF447 were received. Twenty-four of
them were received on 1st June between 2 h 10 and 2 h 15.
The first two messages were received the day before at 22 h 45. These were a class 2 fault
message and a related MAINTENANCE STATUS TOILET cockpit effect message. The fault
message, “LAV CONFIGURATION” (ATA 383100, source VSC*, HARD) represented a toilet
configuration difference between the airplane and that included in one of the associated
systems.
1.16.2.4 Analysis of the messages received on 1st June from 2 h 10 onwards
The messages received on 1st June after 2 h 10 all transited via the same satellite (Atlantic
Ocean West, operated by the Inmarsat Company) and SITA’s ACARS network. The twentyfour
raw maintenance messages are listed in the table below:
Time of reception17
Message
2:10:10 - .1/WRN/WN0906010210 221002006AUTO FLT AP OFF
2:10:16 - .1/WRN/WN0906010210 226201006AUTO FLT REAC W/S DET FAULT
2:10:23 - .1/WRN/WN0906010210 279100506F/CTL ALTN LAW
2:10:29 - .1/WRN/WN0906010210 228300206FLAG ON CAPT PFD SPD LIMIT
2:10:34 #0210/+2.98-30.59
2:10:41 - .1/WRN/WN0906010210 228301206FLAG ON F/O PFD SPD LIMIT
2:10:47 - .1/WRN/WN0906010210 223002506AUTO FLT A/THR OFF
2:10:54 - .1/WRN/WN0906010210 344300506NAV TCAS FAULT
2:11:00 - .1/WRN/WN0906010210 228300106FLAG ON CAPT PFD FD
2:11:15 - .1/WRN/WN0906010210 228301106FLAG ON F/O PFD FD
2:11:21 - .1/WRN/WN0906010210 272302006F/CTL RUD TRV LIM FAULT
2:11:27 - .1/WRN/WN0906010210 279045506MAINTENANCE STATUS EFCS 2
2:11:42 - .1/WRN/WN0906010210 279045006MAINTENANCE STATUS EFCS 1
2:11:49 - .1/FLR/FR0906010210 34111506EFCS2 1,EFCS1,AFS,,,,,PROBE-PITOT
1X2 / 2X3 / 1X3 (9DA),HARD
2:11:55 - .1/FLR/FR0906010210 27933406EFCS1 X2,EFCS2X,,,,,,FCPC2 (2CE2)
/WRG:ADIRU1 BUS ADR1-2 TO FCPC2,HARD
2:12:10 - .1/WRN/WN0906010211 341200106FLAG ON CAPT PFD FPV
2:12:16 - .1/WRN/WN0906010211 341201106FLAG ON F/O PFD FPV
2:12:51 - .1/WRN/WN0906010212 341040006NAV ADR DISAGREE
2:13:8 - .1/FLR/FR0906010211 34220006ISIS 1,,,,,,,ISIS(22FN-10FC) SPEED OR
MACH FUNCTION,HARD
2:13:14 - .1/FLR/FR0906010211 34123406IR2 1,EFCS1X,IR1,IR3,,,,ADIRU2
(1FP2),HARD
2:13:45 - .1/WRN/WN0906010213 279002506F/CTL PRIM 1 FAULT
2:13:51 - .1/WRN/WN0906010213 279004006F/CTL SEC 1 FAULT
:14:14 - .1/WRN/WN0906010214 341036006MAINTENANCE STATUS ADR 2
2:14:20 - .1/FLR/FR0906010213 22833406AFS
1,,,,,,,FMGEC1(1CA1),INTERMITTENT
2:14:26 - .1/WRN/WN0906010214 213100206ADVISORY CABIN VERTICAL SPEED
Note: A position report message (AOC type) was received at 2 h 10 min 34 s, between two maintenance
messages. This can be explained by the fact that AOC messages take priority over maintenance messages.
17 The reception time given is that of the service provider’s server processor
47
The messages were at least five or six seconds apart, which can be explained by the limited
rate of communication by satellite. There are two possible reasons for the longer gaps: either
the aircraft did not have any messages to transmit, or it no longer had the means for doing so
(loss of satellite communication performance, for example).
When a message is sent by the aircraft, the sequence is as follows
The company that operates the satellite used by AF447 has provided the traces of the
messages transmitted to the aircraft and seen by the satellite. The information analysed
allows us to say that:
• the last message was transmitted to the aircraft at 2 h 14 min 28 s and was effectively
received,
• the twenty-five messages transmitted by the aircraft were correctly received by the
ground station,
• the gap observed between the message sent at 2 h 13 min 14 s and the one sent at
2 h 13 min 45 s is due, at least in part, to a temporary interruption in the communication
link between the aircraft and the satellite,
• there were no satellite telephone communications during the flight.
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