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initiative continues to make good progress through its various development phases
nce upon a time someone had the idea of a single
‘sky’ for Europe: common airspace without
borders, but while surface frontiers were eliminated
under the 1985 single European market and financial frontiers
dismantled under the 1990 economic and monetary union,
aerial borders remain.
Air Traffic Management (ATM) in the region is inhibited by
diverse procedures and driven essentially by airline routes
largely based on national borders, rather than natural traffic
flow. Despite hard work to update European ATM
arrangements, the system is a somewhat costly – albeit safe –
one. Accordingly, the Single European Sky (SES) initiative –
THE SINGLE
EUROPEAN SKY
O
launched by the European Commission (EC) – proposes a
legislative approach to resolve differences affecting air
transport and to enable ATM to meet future demand. The SES
has the support of politicians, airlines and industry and will
complement other initiatives intended to maximise growth
benefits through co-operation to improve ATM capacity while
protecting the environment and developing people. In
particular, the Association of European Airlines (AEA)
welcomes the move: “It is the most promising project to
achieve the necessary quantum leap.”
Since the mid-1990s, European air traffic has increased over
50 per cent. In 2005, there were 9.2 million flights, with up to
30,000 services on peak days, says the SES ATM Research
(SESAR) Consortium. By 2025, traffic is expected to grow
some 140 per cent to 22 million commercial flights.
Current capacity is about 80 per cent higher than in 1990,
says EUROCONTROL, which says that planned improvements
should enable the ATM system to absorb growth until the
mid-2010s. Then, more radical measures will be required to
prevent serious airspace congestion, growth being
accommodated by the unified system that the SES initiative is
confidently expected to provide. AEA says capacity must be
increased to meet demand while avoiding increases in cost
and bureaucracy.
The SES aims to: restructure European airspace according
to traffic flows (not national constraints), create capacity, and
increase system efficiency. The EC legislative package
comprises four elements designed to achieve seamless ATM: a
framework for creation of the SES, provision of air-navigation
services (ANS), airspace organisation and use, and ATM
network interoperability.
“Improvements have
been substantial, but
there has only been
agreement in a few
areas, on convergence
and a way forward”
ATM: THE CHALLENGE OF GROWTH
76
In 2003, EUROCONTROL and the EC signed a memorandum
of co-operation to improve synergies in five areas: SES
implementation, research and development, global satellitenavigation
systems, air-traffic and environmental data collection
and analysis and international aviation. The legislative package
was introduced soon after being adopted by the European
Parliament and the Transport Council in March 2004.
A fundamental SES requirement is adoption of
implementing rules being developed by EUROCONTROL to EC
mandates. Through these regulations, Europe will be able to
develop more efficient ATM arrangements capable of
sustainable growth. EUROCONTROL will contribute to several
areas: flexible airspace use, airspace classification and design,
Functional Airspace Blocks (FABs), a common charging
scheme, interoperability, air-traffic flow management, a
European upper flight-information region and a single
aeronautical information publication.
Despite the laudable aims, EUROCONTROL acknowledges
the inherent challenges. “Changing current arrangements is
turning out to be more complex than anticipated,” says
EUROCONTROL ATM Strategies Director, Bo Redeborn.
“Philosophically, everyone can agree to change, but once
you start, the devil is in the detail. To make it happen, we
might find it will take longer than anticipated to achieve
real progress.” AEA Technical and Operations General
Manager, Vincent de Vroey, looks forward to speedier
progress. “We feel the project has not moved fast enough,
but it is a first step.”
Redeborn says that national Air Navigation Service Providers
(ANSPs) have been improving their own performances, which
today are “quite good, moving more traffic with less delay
than for a long time”. The EUROCONTROL official says:
“Improvements have been substantial, but there has only
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Partnership for Performance and Growth.(27)
