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Determining the Loaded CG of the Airplane
in Percent MAC .................................................... 6-3
On Board Aircraft Weighing System ....................... 6-3
Determining the Correct Stabilizer Trim Setting ........... 6-5
Stabilizer Trim Setting in % MAC .......................... 6-5
Stabilizer Trim Setting in Units ANU
(Airplane Nose Up) ............................................... 6-5
Determining CG Changes Caused by
Modifying the Cargo .................................................... 6-5
Effects of Loading or Offloading Cargo ................. 6-5
Effects of Onloading Cargo ..................................... 6-6
Effects of Shifting Cargo from
One Hold to Another ............................................. 6-8
Determining Cargo Pallet Loads with
Regard to Floor Loading Limits .................................. 6-9
Determining the Maximum Amount of Payload
That Can Be Carried ................................................... 6-10
Determining the Landing Weight .................................. 6-10
Determining the Minutes of Fuel Dump Time ............. 6-12
Weight and Balance of Commuter
Category Airplanes ..................................................... 6-13
Determining the Loaded Weight and CG .............. 6-13
Determining the Changes in CG When
Passengers are Shifted ........................................ 6-17
Determining Changes in Weight and CG
When the Airplane is Operated in
its Cargo Configuration ...................................... 6-18
Determining the CG Shift When Cargo is Moved
From One Section to Another ............................ 6-18
Determining the CG Shift When Cargo is
Added or Removed ............................................. 6-19
Determining Which Limits are Exceeded ............. 6-19
Chapter 7
Weight and Balance Control—Helicopters ..... 7-1
Determining the Loaded CG of a Helicopter ................. 7-2
Effects of Offloading Passengers and Using Fuel .. 7-3
Chapter 8
Use of Computers for Weight
and Balance Computations ............................... 8-1
Using an Electronic Calculator to Solve
Weight and Balance Problems ..................................... 8-1
Using an E6-B Flight Computer to Solve
Weight and Balance Problems ..................................... 8-1
Using a Dedicated Electronic Flight Computer to
Solve Weight and Balance Problems ........................... 8-3
Typical Weight and Balance Problems ........................... 8-3
Determining CG in Inches From the Datum ........... 8-3
Determining CG, Given Weights and Arms ............ 8-5
Determining CG, Given Weights and
Moment Indexes .................................................... 8-5
Determining CG in Percent of
Mean Aerodynamic Chord ................................... 8-6
Determining Lateral CG of a Helicopter ................. 8-6
Determining ÐCG Caused by Shifting Weights ..... 8-6
Determining Weight Shifted to Cause
Specified ÐCG ....................................................... 8-7
Determining Distance Weight is Shifted to
Move CG a Specific Distance .............................. 8-7
Determining Total Weight of an Aircraft That Will
Have a Specified ÐCG When Cargo is Moved ... 8-7
Determining Amount of Ballast Needed to
Move CG to a Desired Location .......................... 8-7
Appendix
Supplemental Study Materials
for Aircraft Weight and Balance ..........Appendix-1
Glossary......................................................... Glossary-1
Index ..................................................................... Index-1
1–1
Chapter 1
Weight and Balance Control
The designers of an aircraft have determined the maximum
weight, based on the amount of lift the wings or rotors can
provide under the operating conditions for which the aircraft
is designed. The structural strength of the aircraft also limits
the maximum weight the aircraft can safely carry. The ideal
location of the center of gravity (CG) was very carefully
determined by the designers, and the maximum deviation
allowed from this specific location has been calculated.
The manufacturer provides the aircraft operator with the
empty weight of the aircraft and the location of its emptyweight
center of gravity (EWCG) at the time the aircraft
left the factory. The AMT who maintains the aircraft and
performs the maintenance inspections keeps the weight and
balance records current, recording any changes that have
been made because of repairs or alterations.
The pilot in command of the aircraft has the responsibility
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